{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:07:15Z","timestamp":1740103635008,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585094400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AI07140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI07140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Adolescents have an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We examined the prevalence and impact of STIs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomonas) on PTB and chorioamnionitis in pregnant adolescents. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. This retrospective cohort study utilized the first pregnancy delivered at an urban hospital among <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mtext>patients<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>\u2264<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>19<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2009<\/mml:mtext><mml:mtext>years<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:math> old over a 5-year period. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between STIs and PTB (&lt;37 weeks) and chorioamnionitis identified by clinical or placental pathology criteria. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. 739 deliveries were included. 18.8% (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>139<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) of births were preterm. The overall prevalence of STIs during pregnancy was 16.5% (<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>: 13.1%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>97<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>: 3.7%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>27<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; and <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrheae<\/jats:italic>: 3.1%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Detection of <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>, or <jats:italic>N. gonorrheae<\/jats:italic> was not associated with increased PTB. While infection with <jats:italic>N. gonorrheae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> did not increase the likelihood of any chorioamnionitis, infection with <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> significantly increased the likelihood of any chorioamnionitis diagnosis (aPR 2.19, 95% CI 1.26-3.83). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. In this adolescent population with a high rate of PTB, in whom most received appropriate STI treatment, we did not find an association between STI during pregnancy and an increased rate of PTB. However, an infection with <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> was associated with an increased likelihood of chorioamnionitis. Early detection of STIs may prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. Continued vigilance in STI screening during pregnancy, including consideration of universal <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> screening, is merited in this high-risk population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1908392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T23:30:24Z","timestamp":1585179024000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Influence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnant Adolescents on Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2940-8910","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Esther","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maggie","family":"Dwiggins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Lokken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Unger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Global Health, University of Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1357-8405","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Linda O.","family":"Eckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Global Health, University of Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2014.09.007"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000179874.76360.ad"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522532"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.119"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7311.476"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199504273321701"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0029-7844(00)01075-9"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl284"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-10-36"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.05.059"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/51.5.790"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.054"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000592"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2008.008388"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91360-2"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.106556"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181f2e85f"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199707000-00008"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.022665"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(84)92698-9"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181cfcd8c"},{"issue":"rr-03","key":"22","first-page":"1","volume":"64","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recommendations and Reports"},{"issue":"rr-12","key":"23","first-page":"1","volume":"59","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Recommendations and Reports"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001711"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001246"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.02.003"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.040"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-3-21"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0674"},{"issue":"38","key":"31","first-page":"834","volume":"63","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR. 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