{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:53:03Z","timestamp":1753887183585,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":140,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The indications for the concentrated extract product (CEP) of Wu Lin San (WLS) are urethritis, cystitis, and gonorrhea. In clinical settings, WLS is combined with other CEPs used. However, there are no prescribed guidelines of CEPs in Taiwan. In this study, we would establish the CEP\u2010prescribed applications of WLS for cystitis according to the clinical prescription patterns and ancient traditional medicine books. The prescription patterns of WLS were analyzed from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan for the period from 2000 to 2015. The results show that WLS was most frequently prescribed for cystitis (17.12% of a total prescriptions), and its prescribed dosage was 3\u223c5\u2009g per day. Among them, 62.53% were for patients &gt;40 years, and 72.45% were for women. Moreover, prescription patterns of WLS for cystitis were divided into 4 types: Type 1, WLS combined with Pa Cheng San (PCS) and Ti Tang Tang (29.75%); Type 2, WLS combined with PCS and dandelion (13.89%); Type 3, WLS combined with PCS and Tao Ho Cheng Chi Tang (6.63%); and Type 4, WLS combined with PCS (2.75%). According to lectures, review revealed the following principles of WLS application. WLS only should be adopted for simple heat strangury, while Type 4 should be applied for excess heat and dampness strangury. For patients with heat strangury coupled with an early\u2010stage blood amassment pattern in <jats:italic>lower jiao<\/jats:italic> (abdomen), Type 3 could be administered. Type 2 should be used for heat strangury accompanied by dampness toxicity with infection. By contrast, Type 1 should be applied to patients with severe blood stasis. The application principles of WLS with other CEPs could serve as a reference for cystitis treatment in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2605462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T23:31:29Z","timestamp":1590017489000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prescription Patterns of Wu Lin San Concentrated Extract Product for Cystitis in Taiwan: A Population\u2010Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Chia-Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven Kuan-Hua","family":"Huan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hui","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shao","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I-Hsin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5259-3931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Chiung","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120809237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5190986"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2225-4110.114898"},{"volume-title":"Commonly Used Chinese Herb Formulas with Illustrations","year":"1990","author":"Hsu H. Y.","key":"e_1_2_8_4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3831\/kpi.2012.15.008"},{"volume-title":"Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine","year":"1995","author":"Xu J. Q.","key":"e_1_2_8_6_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09541"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.14269"},{"volume-title":"Illustrated Chinese Materia Medica: Crude and Prepared","year":"1993","author":"Yen K. Y.","key":"e_1_2_8_10_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","first-page":"54","article-title":"Clinical observation of acute urinary tract infection of Wu-Ling-San","volume":"5","author":"Duan C. H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Clinical observation of Wu-Ling-San on the treatment of acute lower urinary tract infection","volume":"8","author":"Huang K. Y.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","article-title":"Treatment of the addition and subtraction of Wu-Ling-San on 66 cases of urethral syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Liang K. F.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of New Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","article-title":"Treatment of the addition and subtraction of Wu-Ling-San on 168 cases of urinary stones","volume":"3","author":"Rui Q. G.","year":"2006","journal-title":"China Journal of Medicine Materia Medica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","article-title":"Effect of Ba-Zheng-powder against infection of urinary tract, a 138 cases report","volume":"8","author":"Liou L.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Coal Industry Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","article-title":"Clinical observation of Pa-Cheng-San-Ho-Tao-Ho-Cheng-Chi-Tang on the type III chronic prostatitis","volume":"4","author":"Yuan H. X.","year":"2014","journal-title":"CJGMCM"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Research survey of Taohe Chengqi Tang","volume":"7","author":"Wei H. Y.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","article-title":"Sixty cases of Pa-Cheng-San with dandelion against urinary tract infection","volume":"9","author":"Ji J. H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medical Innovation in China"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","first-page":"35","article-title":"Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale and T mongolicum)","volume":"2","author":"Yarnell E.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Integrative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"The study of the three blood statsis removal decoction in ShangHan Lun","volume":"1","author":"Zheng H. D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of ZheJiang Chinese Medical Unit"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Recent development of Didang decoction in clinical treatment and experimental studies","volume":"13","author":"Liu B.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2009.1249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11373-006-9083-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2015.1029053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2012.11.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-014-9885-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.07.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2015.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-015-0680-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578x1300801221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.26.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00894-004-0218-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","first-page":"1706","article-title":"Comparative observation on clinical curative effect of new Ba-Zheng-powder and Ba-Zheng powder","volume":"12","author":"Zhou C. Y.","year":"2016","journal-title":"CJGMCM"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02979065"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2020\/2605462.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2020\/2605462.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2020\/2605462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T08:51:08Z","timestamp":1723020668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2020\/2605462"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2020\/2605462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/2605462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-427X","1741-4288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1741-427X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1741-4288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2605462"}}