{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:19:13Z","timestamp":1785795553315,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":301,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Isfahan University of Medical Science","award":["398312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["398312"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent infections in kidney transplant patients (KTPs). This infection is mainly caused by uropathogenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (UPEC). Plasmid\u2010mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was also increasingly identified in UPEC. This study proposed to investigate the frequency of quinolone\u2010resistance plasmid genes and the O\u2010antigen serogroup among UPEC isolated from KTPs and non\u2010KTP with UTI. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Totally, 114 UPEC isolates from 49 KTPs and 65 non\u2010KTPs patients diagnosed with an UPEC\u2010associated UTI were obtained from June 2019 to December 2019 at three laboratory centers in Isfahan, Iran. The isolates were confirmed through phenotypic and genotypic methods. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility test to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin was performed using a disk diffusion method. The presence of the <jats:italic>qnr<\/jats:italic> gene as well as the serogroup distribution was identified using the PCR method. <jats:italic>Result<\/jats:italic>. According to data, the distribution of <jats:italic>O1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>O2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>O4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>O16<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>O25<\/jats:italic> serogroups were 3.5%, 2.6, 3.5, 3.5, and 20.2%, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern revealed that the highest and lowest resistance rates were to nalidixic acid (69.3%) and norfloxacin (43.9%), respectively. Also, the frequency of <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>qnrB<\/jats:italic> genes were 33.3% and 15.8%, respectively, while none of the isolates was found to be positive for the <jats:italic>qnrA<\/jats:italic> gene. There was no significant association between the presence of <jats:italic>qnr<\/jats:italic> genes and higher antibiotic resistance. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. This study recognized that the <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic> gene, <jats:italic>O25<\/jats:italic> serotype, and resistance to nalidixic acid had the highest frequencies in UPEC strains isolated from UTI patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2850183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:05:09Z","timestamp":1603929909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Characterization of Plasmid\u2010Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Serogroup Distributions of Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> among Iranian Kidney Transplant 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