{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T23:58:55Z","timestamp":1776988735700,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":56,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004396","name":"Thailand Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRG5980054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRG5980054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010034","name":"Walailak University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary edema (PE) is a major cause of pulmonary manifestations of severe <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria and is usually associated with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The sphingosine kinase\u20101 (SphK\u20101)\/sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate receptor\u20103 (S1PR\u20103) pathway has recently been reported to affect the pathogenesis of lung injury, but the expression of these proteins in the lungs of severe <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria patients has not been investigated. The cellular expression of SphK\u20101 and S1PR\u20103 in lung tissues from autopsied patients with <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria was investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Lung tissues from patients who died of severe <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria were classified into two groups based on histopathological findings: those with PE (18 patients) and those without PE (non\u2010PE, 19 patients). Ten samples of normal lung tissues were used as the control group. The protein expression levels of SphK\u20101 and S1PR\u20103 were significantly upregulated in endothelial cells (ECs), alveolar epithelial cells, and alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the lungs of severe <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria patients with PE compared to those in the non\u2010PE and control groups (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). In addition, the SphK\u20101 and S1PR\u20103 expression levels were significantly positively correlated in pulmonary ECs (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> = 0.922, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), alveolar epithelial cells (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> = 0.995, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), and AMs (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> = 0.969, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, both the SphK\u20101 and S1PR\u20103 proteins were overexpressed in the lung tissues of severe <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria patients with PE, suggesting that SphK\u20101 and S1PR\u20103 mediate the pathogenesis of PE in severe malaria. Targeting the regulation of SphK\u20101 and\/or S1PR\u20103 may be an approach to treat pulmonary complications in severe <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3932569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T23:31:28Z","timestamp":1582759888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Overexpression of Sphingosine Kinase\u20101 and Sphingosine\u20101\u2010Phosphate Receptor\u20103 in Severe <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> Malaria with Pulmonary Edema"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Parnpen","family":"Viriyavejakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4826-9474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuchard","family":"Punsawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00151829-200605060-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2655"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/605439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","first-page":"179","article-title":"Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in malaria","volume":"45","author":"Mohan A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000916"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200905-0786OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2010.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","first-page":"10002","article-title":"Enhanced expression of Fas and FasL modulates apoptosis in the lungs of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with pulmonary edema","volume":"8","author":"Punsawad C.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0411TR"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0048OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00010.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2004.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3490385"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)01551-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.90357.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180631"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00556"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M701279200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501997102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2712"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222098"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2012.1379"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023905"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.090037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201701-0241OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-267492"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05879-5_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.4A6606.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000338501.84810.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-017-2213-0"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2020\/3932569.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2020\/3932569.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2020\/3932569","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T07:45:51Z","timestamp":1735631151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2020\/3932569"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Rana","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2020\/3932569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/3932569","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-10-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"3932569"}}