{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:52:41Z","timestamp":1789987961630,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598659200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between seven important <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in patients with gastritis. <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from 33 patients with gastritis were examined. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested by GenoType\u00ae HelicoDR (Hain Life Science, Germany) test kit and RT-PCR. The virulence-factors were determined using conventional PCR. 39% of patients were resistant for clarithromycin and 27% of patients were resistant for fluoroquinolone. 15% of patients were resistant to both clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone. The <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori vacA m1\/s2<\/jats:italic> genotype was the most frequent allelic combination. Patients were possessed the <jats:italic>vacA s1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>m1<\/jats:italic> (6.1%); <jats:italic>s1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>m2<\/jats:italic> (6.1%); <jats:italic>s2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>m1<\/jats:italic> (15.1%); and <jats:italic>s2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>m2<\/jats:italic> (3.0%) genotypes. 94% of patients with gastritis were positive for <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori napA<\/jats:italic> gene. Also, there were no <jats:italic>dupA<\/jats:italic> gene-positive gastritis patients. There was no significant correlation between the <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>hpaA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>napA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>dupA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ureA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ureB<\/jats:italic> virulence genes, clarithromycin, and fluoroquinolone resistance. Herein, we report that the relationship between the <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori napA<\/jats:italic> gene and gastritis. Although we found a correlation between <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> virulence factor and clinical outcome, there is a need for further studies to enlighten the relation between <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> virulence genes and antibiotic resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3956838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T23:31:29Z","timestamp":1598743889000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Analysis of Correlation between the Seven Important <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> (<i>H<\/i>. <i>pylori<\/i>) Virulence Factors and Drug Resistance in Patients with Gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2255-0930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sinem","family":"Oktem-Okullu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali 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