{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T18:06:42Z","timestamp":1769105202130,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]],"date-time":"2020-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587772800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Interventional Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. The prognosis of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is comparable to that of the non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The GRACE scale is used to assess the risk of premature and long-term mortality in patients with NSTEMI in order to select the most favorable treatment strategy. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. 101 patients with TTS hospitalized in four centers of invasive cardiology in Podlaskie Voivodeship during the period 2008\u20132012 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: I\u201452 patients (GRACE\u2009\u2264\u2009140 points) and II\u201449 patients (GRACE\u2009&gt;\u2009140 points). <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The mean GRACE score in the study group was 138.66. The in-hospital stay of Takotsubo in the patients with higher GRACE scores was associated with higher incidence of pneumonia (36.7% vs 7.69%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0004<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), rhythm abnormalities (17.3% vs 3.85%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.026<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and serious complications (cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema, and sudden cardiac arrest) (30.6% vs 5.77%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The mean observation period was 7.2\u2009years. A significantly higher risk of 6-month (18.37% vs 3.85%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.019<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), 1-year (22.45 vs 3.85%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), 3-year (40.82 vs 3.85%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), 5-year (42.86% vs 3.85%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and 7-year mortalities (53.06% vs 9.62%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) was observed in the group of patients with a GRACE score \u2265140. At multivariate analysis including low BMI, low eGFR, and a higher GRACE score, all these factors were independent predictor of death (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.042<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.010<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.041<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The ROC curve presents the discriminatory scores of the GRACE scale for the follow-up prognostication. The area under ROC curve (AUC) for the GRACE scale was 0.805 (95% CI: 0.718\u20130.892, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), with a cut-off value of 153 points, sensitivity of 74%, and specificity of 77% for TTS. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The GRACE scale is highly valuable for the prognostication of death risk in patients with TTS in the early and long-term observation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4340930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]],"date-time":"2020-04-25T23:31:43Z","timestamp":1587857503000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The GRACE Scale in the Prognosis of Patients with Takotsubo Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2466-4093","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Zalewska-Adamiec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukasz","family":"Kuzma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slawomir","family":"Dobrzycki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Bachorzewska-Gajewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy076"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy077"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-016-0857-z"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406761"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aic.2018.78341"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aic.2016.61655"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(13)60108-7"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004425"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.033"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.683"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv320"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJY19M01_01"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.cj-14-0859"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.424"},{"key":"15","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Tako-tsubo-like left ventricular dysfunction due to multivessel coronary spasm","year":"1990"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.12.065"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872617715019"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.4309"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr236"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu278"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.11.068"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2019.2597"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy565.p1252"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872619882363"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.006065"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interventional Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jitc\/2020\/4340930.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jitc\/2020\/4340930.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jitc\/2020\/4340930.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]],"date-time":"2020-04-25T23:31:48Z","timestamp":1587857508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jitc\/2020\/4340930\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["4340930","4340930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/4340930","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-4327","1540-8183"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-4327","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8183","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]]}}}