{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:55:46Z","timestamp":1753887346453,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":86,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. TSC1\u2010related signaling plays a pivotal role in intramembranous and endochondral ossification processes during skeletogenesis. This study was aimed at determining the significance of the TSC1 gene at different stages of spinal development. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>. TSC1\u2010floxed mice (TSC1<jats:sup>flox\/flox<\/jats:sup>) were crossed with Prrx1\u2010Cre or BGLAP\u2010Cre transgenic mice or mesenchymal stem cell\u2010 and osteoblast\u2010specific TSC1\u2010deficient mice, respectively. Somatic and vertebral differences between WT and Prrx1\u2010TSC1 null mice were examined at 4 weeks after birth. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. No apparent body size abnormalities were apparent in newborn and 4\u2010week\u2010 to 2\u2010month\u2010old mice with BGLAP\u2010Cre driver\u2010depleted TSC1. Vertebral and intervertebral discs displayed strong dysplasia in Prrx1\u2010TSC1 null mice. In contrast, vertebrae were only slightly affected, and intervertebral discs from skeletal preparations displayed no apparent changes in BGLAP\u2010TSC1 null mice. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Our data suggest that the TSC1 gene is crucial for endochondral ossification during postnatal spine development but plays discriminative roles at different stages. Mesenchymal stem cell\u2010specific ablation of TSC1 led to severe spinal dysplasia at early stages of endochondral ossification while osteoblast\u2010specific deletion of TSC1 affected vertebrae slightly and had no detectable effects on intervertebral discs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4572687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T23:31:00Z","timestamp":1585351860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mesenchymal Stem Cell\u2010Specific and Preosteoblast\u2010Specific Ablation of TSC1 in Mice Lead to Severe and Slight Spinal Dysplasia, 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