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The study finds the following: \u2460 the development of the internal spatial structure of the BTH urban agglomeration is unequal. The populations of most cities in the urban agglomeration are still in a dispersed state. Although urban populations have tended to agglomerate around multiple subcenter units in the cities, the trend towards population agglomeration around city centers is not found to be significant. \u2461 The total factor productivity (TFP) of the BTH urban agglomeration was not high in most years between 2008 and 2017, showing a fluctuating downward trend overall. The TFP of the urban agglomeration showed differential regional patterns. The decline of TFP growth in the BTH urban agglomeration is mainly due to declining technological progress, technological efficiency, and scale efficiency. Resource input remains the major driving force behind the development of the BTH megaregion. \u2462 Concerning how the spatial structure of the urban agglomeration affected economic efficiency, the study finds that primacy, urban <jats:italic>Gini<\/jats:italic> index, urban population size, human capital, informatization level, industrial structure, and science and technology levels have positive effects on economic efficiency, whereas dispersion, governmental role, economic openness, and land input have negative effects. This study has several policy implications. Achieving coordinated and integrated development of the BTH urban agglomeration will require constructing a scientific and regional spatial system, improving the development levels of regional central cities, divesting Beijing of noncapital functions, and reshaping the industrial layout of the BTH megaregion in an orderly manner, while continuously improving the internal hierarchical structure of urban agglomeration and strengthening intercity economic connections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6038270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T23:38:14Z","timestamp":1595893094000},"page":"1-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Impact of Spatial Structure on Economic Efficiency of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Megalopolis in China"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Xingling","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Government, Peking University, Beijing 100101, 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