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Improving the innate immunity is an effective method to prevent <jats:italic>S. enteritidis<\/jats:italic> infection. <jats:italic>Pediococcus pentosaceus<\/jats:italic> is a Gram\u2010positive coccus which had probiotics properties. Numerous previously published studies reported that probiotics were beneficial to gut microbiota by changing the intestinal flora structure and inhibiting the harmful microbial growth to enhance the innate immunity. We investigated the immunological effects of <jats:italic>P. pentosaceus<\/jats:italic> on Salmonella\u2010infected chickens by the following experiment. A total of 120 broilers from AA line were fed and divided into 2 groups (treated and control groups) for the experiment from day 1. The control group was fed with the basic diet, while the treated group was fed with the basic diet adding <jats:italic>P. pentosaceus<\/jats:italic> microcapsule with the bacterial concentration of 1\u2009g\/kg in the feed and bacterial counts 2.5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\u2009CFU\/g. All the birds were given with 0.5\u2009ml of <jats:italic>S. enteritidis<\/jats:italic> bacterial suspension (10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\u2009CFU\/ml) through oral cavity at day 9. The number of dead birds was recorded and used in the analysis. The bacterial culture method and quantitative real\u2010time PCR analysis were used to evaluate the effects of <jats:italic>P. pentosaceus<\/jats:italic> on chickens infected with <jats:italic>S. enteritidis<\/jats:italic> and to ascertain the mechanism of the effect. The results showed that the <jats:italic>P. pentosaceus<\/jats:italic> could restrain the pathogenicity of <jats:italic>S. enteritidis<\/jats:italic> and reduce the death rate from 44.4% to 23.3%. The flora in the caecum exhibited \u201crising\u2010declining\u201d trends, and the gene (<jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MyD88<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TRAF6 NF-\u03baB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IFN-\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TNF-a<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL8<\/jats:italic>) expression pattern was different between the experimental and control group. <jats:italic>P. pentosaceus<\/jats:italic> as a probiotic may competitively inhibit the growth of <jats:italic>S. enteritidis<\/jats:italic> and control the inflammatory response through regulating the gene expression which involved in the toll\u2010like receptor pathway and inflammation pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6416451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T23:20:10Z","timestamp":1602544810000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Research on the Effect of <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus<\/i> on <i>Salmonella enteritidis<\/i>\u2010Infected Chicken"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2342-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8739-2101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"XinYu","family":"Xun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5376-9986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"YaoDong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8275-7389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"NianZhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6537-268X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ChaoWu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7114-869X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"XiaoSong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1477-9097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"YiPing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1605(94)90203-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5450.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-2920.2001.00213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2008-00381"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01384-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04259-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/73.2.361s"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-2364-8_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-2364-8_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-2364-8_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240248"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.41.273"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.8.1015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","first-page":"220","article-title":"Preparation of microcapsules and characteristic research of Lactobacillus from chicken","volume":"38","author":"Ning Yuchang Y. 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