{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T20:21:54Z","timestamp":1772828514949,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594080000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmaniasis diseases are endemic in Morocco. An entomological survey was conducted in Aichoun locality for 1 year from September 2013 to August 2014. The objective of this study was to investigate the sand fly fauna, mainly the species composition and the monthly species prevalence in accordance with bioclimate factors. Sand flies were collected twice a month, using sticky traps and CDC light traps. During a one-year study, 4472 specimens of sand fly were caught (72.56% male\/22.44% female) that were composed of seven species divided into two genera: <jats:italic>Phlebotomus<\/jats:italic> (99.46%) and <jats:italic>Sergentomyia<\/jats:italic> (0.53%). <jats:italic>Ph. sergenti<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent species (46.64%), followed by <jats:italic>Ph. perniciosus<\/jats:italic> (38.19%), <jats:italic>Ph. longicuspis<\/jats:italic> (9.32%), <jats:italic>Ph. papatasi<\/jats:italic> (5.23%), and <jats:italic>Ph. ariasi<\/jats:italic> (0.06%). The genus <jats:italic>Sergentomyia<\/jats:italic> was even less frequent. The population dynamics showed a bimodal trend with two peaks: the first one in October (12.03% of specimens) and the second in June (27.92% of specimens). The study of the effects of climatic factors in the study area showed a link between the dynamics of sand flies and the variation of these parameters (temperature and relative humidity). During the period between November and March, the sand flies were absent. The highest prevalence of sand flies was recorded in June when the temperature and relative humidity values reached, respectively, 25.8\u00b0C and 42%. The minimum number of specimens was collected in September with an average temperature of 23.19\u00b0C and relative humidity of 57.4%. Statistical analysis with principal component analysis has shown a strong positive correlation between temperature parameters and the seasonal distribution of sand flies. The climatic factor of relative humidity has been judged of being negatively correlated. The wind speed does not have any impact on the relative abundance of all species. Within this context, the results will be useful for the development of a monitoring program to better manage the operations and evaluate their effectiveness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6495108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T23:31:32Z","timestamp":1594164692000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Entomological Investigations, Seasonal Fluctuations and Impact of Bioclimate Factors of Phlebotomines Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of an Emerging Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Aichoun, Central Morocco"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9205-7877","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fatima Zahra","family":"Talbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Biotechnology and Preservation of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Hygiene, 27 Avenue Ibn Battuta, Agdal, 11400 Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdelhakim","family":"El Ouali Lalami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Biotechnology and Preservation of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco"},{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Fez, Regional Health Directorate Fez-Meknes, EL Ghassani Hospital, 30000 Fez, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mouhcine","family":"Fadil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physio-Chemical laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Najy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Department of Biology, University Ibn Tofail, Faculty of Science, BP133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Ech-Chafay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Department of Biology, University Ibn Tofail, Faculty of Science, BP133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Lachhab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Department of Biology, University Ibn Tofail, Faculty of Science, BP133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Said","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Department of Biology, University Ibn Tofail, Faculty of Science, BP133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nordine","family":"Nouayti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Sciences Laboratory, Water and Environmental Engineering Team, National School of Applied Sciences, Al Hoceima. Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khadija","family":"Lahouiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, BP 2202, Road of Immouzer, Fez, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chafika","family":"Faraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Hygiene, 27 Avenue Ibn Battuta, Agdal, 11400 Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdellatif","family":"Janati Idrissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Biotechnology and Preservation of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","year":"2010"},{"key":"2","first-page":"201","volume":"68","year":"2015","journal-title":"Entomologie Faunistique\u2013Faunistic Entomoogyl"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/199166396"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/EN13018"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1990.tb00255.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2009.09.003","volume":"59","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pathologie Biologie (Paris)"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0529"},{"key":"8","first-page":"217","volume":"37","year":"1978","journal-title":"Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)"},{"key":"9","first-page":"335","volume":"33","year":"1991","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"10","volume-title":"Les Phl\u00e9botomes de la region Ethiopienne Diptera, Psychodidade","year":"1972"},{"issue":"1","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0269-283x.2004.0471.x","volume":"18","year":"2004","journal-title":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology"},{"issue":"2","key":"12","first-page":"201","volume":"43","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France"},{"key":"13","year":"1985"},{"key":"14","year":"1988"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5402\/2013\/145031"},{"issue":"2","key":"16","first-page":"154","volume":"49","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annal de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019entomologie de France (N.S.) : International Journal of Entomology"},{"key":"17","first-page":"2","volume":"37","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epidemiological Bulletin"},{"key":"18","first-page":"18","volume-title":"Epid\u00e9miologie des leishmanioses dans la r\u00e9gion de Marrakech, Maroc: effet de l\u2019urbanisation sur la r\u00e9partition spatio-temporelle des Phlebotomes et caract\u00e9risation mol\u00e9culaire de leurs populations","year":"2008"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2004112189"},{"key":"20","first-page":"93","volume":"67","year":"2014","journal-title":"Entomologie Faunistique\u2013Faunistic Entomoogyl"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/438749"},{"key":"22","first-page":"2365","volume-title":"Les leishmanioses cutan\u00e9es du bassin M\u00e9diterran\u00e9en occidental, de l\u2019identification enzymatique \u00e0 l\u2019analyse \u00e9co-\u00e9pid\u00e9miologique. 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