{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T21:56:47Z","timestamp":1766181407684,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584921600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>. To investigate the effects of pterygium on corneal cell and nerve density in patients with unilateral pterygium using in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. In this cross-sectional study, 24 patients with unilateral pterygium who were treated in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Second People\u2019s Hospital of Wuxi City from April 2018 to July 2018 were analyzed. Each eye with pterygium and its fellow eye were imaged by LSCM. The density of basal corneal epithelial cells, anterior stromal cells, posterior stromal cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells in pterygium and adjacent clear cornea was measured. In the fellow eyes, the central cornea, nasal cornea, nasal mid-peripheral cornea, and temporal cornea were imaged. The difference in the density of cells and subepithelial nerve fibers in different corneal regions of eyes with pterygium was analyzed. The cell and nerve density of the fellow cornea were also measured to exclude the influencing factors. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The density of corneal basal epithelial cells in the central corneas of eyes with pterygium was 6497\u2009\u00b1\u20091776 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, which was higher than that in the area near the head of pterygium (5580\u2009\u00b1\u20091294 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), the region above pterygium (6097\u2009\u00b1\u20091281 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.049<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and the region below pterygium (5463\u2009\u00b1\u20091007 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The density of anterior stromal cells in the central cornea was 742\u2009\u00b1\u2009243 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, which was higher than that in the area near the head of pterygium (587\u2009\u00b1\u2009189 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), the region below pterygium (492\u2009\u00b1\u2009159 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and the temporal cornea (574\u2009\u00b1\u2009164 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.003<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The density of endothelial cells in the central cornea was 2398\u2009\u00b1\u2009260 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, which was higher than that in the area near the head of pterygium (2296\u2009\u00b1\u2009231 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.011<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and the region below pterygium (2272\u2009\u00b1\u2009400 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.020<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The density of dendritic cells in the central cornea was 53\u2009\u00b1\u200948 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, which was lower than that in the area near the head of pterygium (250\u2009\u00b1\u2009224 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), the upper region (103\u2009\u00b1\u200947 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.006<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and the lower region (90\u2009\u00b1\u200948 cells\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.023<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) in the center was higher than that in the area near the head of pterygium, the upper region, and the lower region. Compared with fellow eyes, eyes with pterygium had a significantly higher mean corneal power (KM) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). There was a significant positive linear relationship between the corneal area invaded by pterygium of pterygia and KM (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.609, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M13\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.009<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Basal epithelial cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, dendritic cells, and subepithelial nerve fibers in the central cornea of eyes with pterygium were different from those of pterygium and adjacent clear cornea. LSCM is effective for observing the morphology and quantity of corneal cells in pterygium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6506134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T23:31:39Z","timestamp":1585006299000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Observation of Cell and Nerve Density in Different Corneal Regions with Monocular Pterygium"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7542-8613","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yun-Zhi","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4524-188X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Song","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200105000-00008"},{"issue":"6","key":"2","first-page":"1058","volume":"14","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0b013e3181656448"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000000728"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000000221"},{"issue":"2","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70081-2","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Ocular Surface"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.5.695"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.05.025"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0b013e318227fcd9"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680802130354"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000154402.01710.95"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.10.037"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0251"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.02.002"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-3147"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0188-y"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000000149"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20170077"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000121701.74077.78"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0b013e3181bd44ce"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.02.002"},{"issue":"12","key":"22","first-page":"2483","volume":"38","year":"1997","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"23","first-page":"117","volume":"13","year":"1998","journal-title":"Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6506134.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6506134.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6506134.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T23:31:41Z","timestamp":1585006301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6506134\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["6506134","6506134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/6506134","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-004X","2090-0058"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2090-004X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-0058"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]}}}