{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T13:05:10Z","timestamp":1754399110276,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581897600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007620","name":"Department of Education of Liaoning Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007620","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009965","name":"Dalian Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Liaoning Province Government of China","award":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600605","L2015146","2018J13SN094","LNCCC-D23-2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have opposing roles in the development of T cells; however, the mechanism of autoimmune thyroiditis- (AIT-) associated abortion is unclear. The present study investigated the expression of Blimp-1 and PD-1\/PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in AIT-associated pregnancy loss and elucidated the related signaling pathway involving in the inflammatory response. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. An experimental fetal loss model with autoimmune thyroiditis was established after murine thyroglobulin- (mTg-) immunized CBA\/J female mice mating with Balb\/c males. ELISA was employed to investigate the TgAb level in the serum of CBA\/J female mice. The expression of Blimp-1, PD-1\/PD-L1, mammalian target protein rapamycin (mTOR), and Foxp3 proteins in the placenta and spleen was detected through immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. ELISA indicated that the serum TgAb level in the mTg group was higher than that in the control group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Fetal resorption rates increased in the mTg group compared with those in the control group (45.63% vs. 3.1%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Blimp-1 levels in the placenta and spleen were higher in the AIT-related miscarriage group than in the control group. However, the expression of PD-1\/PD-L1 and Foxp3 was significantly decreased in the placenta and spleen in the AIT-related miscarriage group. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Blimp-1 participates in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease-associated pregnancy loss through the inflammatory immune response, which is potentially mediated through the PD-1\/PD-L1 signaling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6543593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T18:32:55Z","timestamp":1581964375000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Analysis of Blimp-1 and PD-1\/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint in an Autoimmune Thyroiditis Animal Model"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5782-2174","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0915-0921","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaoshu","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1740-2124","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mengya","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0529-0428","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haixia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2012.705391"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.264.11.1422"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.08.026"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1518-0557.20170057"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0029"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450110068029"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0b013e3181e10b30"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2010.03974.x"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065x.2001.1820102.x"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2009.02308.x"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1037"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gah044"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl18316"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02788"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090847"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1320"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130208"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-46530-8_2"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1201-1103"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.4.2338"},{"issue":"7","key":"21","first-page":"963","volume":"32","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Cellular and molecular immunology"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.2.7966"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410050625"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1704"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg210"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1321"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-017-0486-z"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.04.003"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.18.3.0300"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.016"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.04.004"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/immunohorizons.1700069"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.8.5211"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.10.042"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050019"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2018.12.002"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002031"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-018-0581-y"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.052"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2020\/6543593.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2020\/6543593.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2020\/6543593.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]],"date-time":"2020-03-03T18:31:03Z","timestamp":1583260263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2020\/6543593\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["6543593","6543593"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/6543593","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8337","1687-8345"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1687-8337"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-8345"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]}}}