{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:23:23Z","timestamp":1767677003482,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose. To describe the epidemiology of ocular emergencies in children in a hospital-based emergency room (ER). Methods. The medical reports of all children, 14 years of age and younger, who attended La Paz University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) ER from September 2015 to August 2016 were prospectively collected. Demographic data, origin, symptom for consultation, diagnostic tests, final diagnosis, and final referral of patients were recorded. Results. A total of 774 children were attended: 57% boys and 43% girls. Mean age was 5 years (SD 4.10 years, range 0\u201314 years) without significant differences between sexes. Most children went to the ER because parents or teachers took the decision (75%), 24% were referred from the paediatric ER for evaluation, and 0.78% were referred from another hospital or by an out-clinic ophthalmologist. The reasons for consultation were red eyes (61%), traumatism (17%), referred from the paediatrician to have the fundus explored in children with headache (7%), eyelids problems (7%), and visual loss (7%). The most frequent diagnoses were infectious conjunctivitis (29%), corneal erosion (17%), normal examination (15%), and allergic conjunctivitis (13%). The most severe cases (visual loss, acute strabismus, and leucocoria) were referred by the paediatricians and represented 4.65% of the total patients. Visits occurred more frequently during the third trimester of the year (July\u2013September), with a higher incidence of eye trauma in summer. Conclusions. Infectious conjunctivitis was the most frequent pathology. It is necessary to increase public awareness about the symptoms, the way of transmission, and treatment. Ocular trauma was also a common cause of presentation and the majority were contusional and mild. There is also a need for education of parents, teachers, and coaches regarding the potential for eye injuries. Ophthalmologists and paediatricians must take an active role in educating people about the prophylactic measures to prevent eye injuries in children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6820454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T18:35:08Z","timestamp":1601922908000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ocular Emergencies in Children: Demographics, Origin, Symptoms, and Most Frequent Diagnoses"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0546-2012","authenticated-orcid":true,"family":"Henr\u00edquez-Recine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Noval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Zafra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"De Manuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3524-9335","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"I.","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital, Irycis, Rementer\u00eda Clinic, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.93104","article-title":"Different causes of referral to ophthalmology emergency room","volume":"5","author":"A. K. Jafari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"issue":"5","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.5.662","article-title":"Incidence of emergency department-treated eye injury in the United States","volume":"123","author":"G. Jr McGwin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2013.11.015","article-title":"Hospital-based ocular emergencies: epidemiology, treatment and visual outcomes","volume":"32","author":"C. A. Cheung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31825c78d9","article-title":"Ocular injuries in trauma patients: an analysis of 28,340 trauma admissions in the 2003\u20132007 national trauma data bank national sample program","volume":"73","author":"D. Scruggs","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.84.3.438","article-title":"Eye injuries in childhood: demography, etiology, and prevention","volume":"84","author":"L. B. Nelson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"6","first-page":"1493","article-title":"Frequency of ocular emergencies in a tertiary care setting in Karachi, Pakistan\u2014it is time to reduce unnecessary visits","volume":"68","author":"R. 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Ovidiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6820454.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6820454.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6820454.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T05:59:13Z","timestamp":1669096753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2020\/6820454\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Norberto","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["6820454","6820454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/6820454","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0058","2090-004X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-0058"},{"type":"print","value":"2090-004X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}}}