{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T19:03:31Z","timestamp":1785179011349,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":189,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005668","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. Despite increasing application of molecular diagnostic methods for the detection of sexually transmitted infections, the cytological findings in pap smears of patients with pathogens that can be identified only by PCR are not yet well described. The aim of this study was to describe the most common cytological features in cervical pap smears of patients with <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Ureaplasma parvum<\/jats:italic> detected by multiplex PCR. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Cervical samples for conventional and liquid\u2010based cytology and for multiplex PCR were collected from women ranging from 23 to 54 years old, who underwent routine screening at a gynecological Unit. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Multiplex PCR was positive in 36.2% of the samples: <jats:italic>Ureaplasma parvum<\/jats:italic> 14.9%, <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> 10.6%, <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> 10.6%, <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic> 8.5%, <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic> 4.2%, <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> 2.1%, and <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic> (0). Multiple pathogens were observed in 12.8% of samples. Microscopic cervicitis (\u226510 polymorphonuclear leukocytes\/epithelial cell) and normal (predominantly lactobacillary) microbiota were the most frequent findings in the samples in which the pathogens were detected alone or in multiple infections, except for samples with <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> in which the coccobacillary microbiota was the most common. In samples with microscopic cervicitis and normal microbiota, those with at least one pathogen identified by multiplex PCR were significantly more frequent than those with no pathogen, 66.6% versus 33.3%. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Failure to identify an inflammatory agent in pap smear with intense neutrophil exudate may suggest the presence of <jats:italic>Ureaplasma parvum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, or <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>. A remark on the intensity of inflammation should be made in the reports of cervical pap smears so that this cytological finding can be correlated with clinical and PCR results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7045217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T23:31:58Z","timestamp":1594251118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Cervical Cytology of Samples with <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/i>, <i>Ureaplasma parvum<\/i>, <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>, <i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i>, <i>Mycoplasma hominis<\/i>, and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i> Detected by Multiplex PCR"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1543-4752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana Pirani","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andersen Charles","family":"Dar\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Cysneiro Milhomem","family":"Dar\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00e9rcia Maria Mendes Lousa","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4151-0114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"de Vasconcelos Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia Ramos","family":"Fidelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariane Vieira","family":"Vilioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle Eg\u00eddio","family":"da Costa Matsunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Meneses Othon","family":"Sidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1541-6757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Anaue Lozi Dias","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00edvia Cust\u00f3dio","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ceres Nunes","family":"de Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"J\u00fanior","given":"Agenor","family":"de Castro Moreira dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8532-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia Moraes","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9280-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Barretto","family":"Motoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3282f3d988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052332"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31828bfcb1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01873-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2014.922696"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415615775"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","volume-title":"The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology: Definitions, Criteria, and Explanatory Notes","author":"Foreword S. 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