{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T23:40:27Z","timestamp":1776123627513,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004352","name":"Suranaree University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012527","name":"Office of the Higher Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012527","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. The clinical outcomes of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer have been attributed to the interplay of virulence factors of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>), host genetic susceptibility, and host immune responses. This study investigated the presence of <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>iceA<\/jats:italic>2, <jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>2, and <jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic> genes and their association with clinical outcomes. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia specimens were obtained from patients who underwent endoscopy and surgical resection between January 2017 and December 2018; specimens from gastric cancer patients treated between January 2014 and December 2018 were also added. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and virulence genes (<jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>iceA<\/jats:italic>2, <jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>2, and <jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic>) were determined using real\u2010time PCR. The association between <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> genotypes and clinical outcomes were evaluated using multivariate regression model analysis. The overall survival of gastric cancer patients was compared between genotype combinations. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> was positive in 166 patients with chronic gastritis, precancerous gastric lesions, and gastric cancer. The genes <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>2, and <jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic> were most prevalent in chronic gastritis (73%), precancerous gastric lesions (62%), and gastric cancer (91%), respectively. The <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>2, and <jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic> genes were associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (OR\u2009=\u20091.23; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.13\u20133.32; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.033, OR\u2009=\u20092.64; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.44\u20134.82, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.024, and OR\u2009=\u20092.79; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.58\u20135.41; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.031, respectively). Interestingly, <jats:italic>H. pylori vacA<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/<jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/<jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> genotype infection was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (OR\u2009=\u20093.85, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.67\u20135.77, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.014). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. In this present study, we reported on the virulence genes of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection to reveal their association with increased risk of chronic gastritis, precancerous gastric lesions, and gastric cancer. Precancerous gastric lesions with <jats:italic>H. pylori vacA<\/jats:italic>+\/<jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic>2+\/<jats:italic>oipA<\/jats:italic>+ genotype increased the risk of gastric cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7243029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T23:36:13Z","timestamp":1582155373000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Precancerous Gastric Lesions with <i>Helicobacter pylori vacA<\/i><sup>+<\/sup>\/<i>babA<\/i>2<sup>+<\/sup>\/<i>oipA<\/i><sup>+<\/sup> Genotype Increase the Risk of Gastric Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Theeraya Simawaranon","family":"Bartpho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wareeporn","family":"Wattanawongdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1976-9878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taweesak","family":"Tongtawee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chatchanok","family":"Paoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kokiet","family":"Kangwantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chavaboon","family":"Dechsukhum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1328"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2857"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc703"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2015.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00011-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2019.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.14.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14196\/mjiri.31.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.69.2.1160-1171.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811x-11-77"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2015.1095089"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-010-9448-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.72.2.880-888.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.34781"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","first-page":"S47","article-title":"The study of the OipA and DupA genes in Helicobacter pylori strains and their relationship with different gastroduodenal diseases","volume":"8","author":"Souod N.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/16495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-003-1279-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7942489"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1095"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2012.00092"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00887-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","first-page":"531","article-title":"Adherence to gastric epithelial cells induces expression of a Helicobacter pylori gene, IceA, that is associated with clinical outcome","volume":"110","author":"Peek R. 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