{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T02:09:13Z","timestamp":1774145353088,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>is a zoonotic obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals as well as humans worldwide. The purpose of this study was to delineate the prevalence of<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>infection in aborted fetuses of sheep in North Khorasan province, Iran. Three hundred and ninety-nine samples of the liver (133 samples), placenta (133 samples), and brain (133 samples) from 133 aborted fetuses of sheep were collected from 2015 to 2017. The ages of aborted fetuses were higher than 120 days\u2019 gestational age in this study. According to the samples, sixteen out of 133 aborted fetuses of sheep were infected with<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>DNA was found in the placenta (68.75%) and liver (31.25%) samples of infected fetuses using the PCR method. The highest and lowest rates of<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>infection were observed during 2016 and 2017, respectively. Shirvan and Faruj provinces were recognized as the two most infected districts among others. There was a significant difference between the year and abortion rate in sheep due to infection by the<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>parasite (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Furthermore, no significant difference between the prevalence of<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection and aborted fetuses was seen (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&gt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) in different areas. According to the present study,<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection can be one of the causes of fetus abortion of sheep in North Khorasan province, Iran.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7913912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T23:31:16Z","timestamp":1592695876000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Investigation of<i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep Using PCR: A Study in North Khorasan Province, Iran"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Mitra","family":"Salehi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hosein","family":"Nezami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6143-9979","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Niazkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2018016"},{"key":"2","year":"2019"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2017.01.021"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-019-01176-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"5","volume":"7","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"6","first-page":"91","volume":"102","year":"1995","journal-title":"Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-4017(01)00526-x"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.06.023"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-011-9885-2"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.12.034"},{"issue":"3","key":"11","first-page":"64","volume":"7","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2014007"},{"issue":"2","key":"13","first-page":"147","volume":"11","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"14","first-page":"343","volume":"17","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/avb1104405h"},{"issue":"2","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.02.287","volume":"196","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"issue":"3","key":"17","first-page":"163","volume":"96","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajhs.v12i3.30808"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/ge-1556.1"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182011000205"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/ge-2428.1"},{"issue":"30","key":"22","first-page":"1","volume":"176","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Isfahan Med School"},{"issue":"1","key":"23","first-page":"29","volume":"68","year":"2013","journal-title":"Archives of Razi Institute"},{"issue":"3","key":"24","first-page":"301","volume":"4","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2010.06.001"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4176-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"27","first-page":"207","volume":"35","year":"2011","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/vmi\/2020\/7913912.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/vmi\/2020\/7913912.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/vmi\/2020\/7913912.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T02:13:48Z","timestamp":1723083228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/vmi\/2020\/7913912\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["7913912","7913912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/7913912","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-8113","2042-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-8113","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]}}}