{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:56:21Z","timestamp":1753887381776,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":316,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81603362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81603362"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1708085QC77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1708085QC77"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Aims<\/jats:italic>. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Er Miao San (EMS) and the regulative function of bone marrow\u2010derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. The ethyl acetate part of EMS (3\u2009g\/kg, 1.5\u2009g\/kg, and 0.75\u2009g\/kg) was orally administered from day 15 after immunization to day 29. The polyarthritis index and paw swelling were measured, the ankle joint pathological changes were observed using hematoxylin\u2010eosin (HE) staining, and the spleen and thymus index were determined. Moreover, T and B cell proliferation were determined using the CCK\u20108 assay. The expression of BMDC surface costimulatory molecules and inflammatory factors were determined using flow cytometry and ELISA kits, respectively. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Compared with the AA model rats, the ethyl acetate fraction of EMS obviously reduced paw swelling (from 1.0 to 0.7) and the polyarthritis index (from 12 to 9) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and improved the severity of histopathology (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The treatment using ethyl acetate fraction of EMS significantly reduced the spleen and thymus index (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and inhibited T and B cell proliferation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Moreover, EMS significantly modulated the expression of surface costimulatory molecules in BMDCs, including CD40, CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC\u2010II) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The results also showed that the ethyl acetate part of EMS significant inhibited the levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin\u2010 (IL\u2010) 23 tumor necrosis factor\u2010 (TNF\u2010) <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and inflammatory factor prostaglandin (PG) E2 in the supernatant of BMDCs. However, the level of anti\u2010inflammatory cytokine IL\u201010 was significantly increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. These results suggest that the ethyl acetate part of EMS has better protective effects on AA rats, probably by regulating the function of BMDCs and modulating the balance of cytokines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8791657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T08:57:19Z","timestamp":1605171439000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Protective Effects of the Ethyl Acetate Part of Er MiaoSan on Adjuvant Arthritis Rats by Regulating the Function of Bone Marrow\u2010Derived Dendritic Cells"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5977-2687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiemin","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihua","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1277-7186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6889-9786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3795-4399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","first-page":"148","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Cojocaru M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Maedica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-012-0314-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2019.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.5.2613"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3671-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.05.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2012.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5305278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","first-page":"502","article-title":"Relationship between clinical and animal models of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Lingling Z.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-018-0196-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2017.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2020.1720745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.02.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-019-01548-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b01163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","first-page":"3466","article-title":"Pillars article: CTLA-4 can function as a negative regulator of T cell activation. 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