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Thus, development of antiviral agents against these viruses is an immediate need. Rhus verniciflua (RVS) has long been used in herbal medicine and as a nutritional supplement. The effect of RVS and its components on influenza virus has not, however, been reported. We found that RVS treatment significantly reduced viral replication when evaluated with green fluorescent protein- (GFP-) tagged virus (influenza A virus, A\/PR\/8\/34-GFP) in Madin\u2013Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. RVS showed significant inhibition of neuraminidase from A\/PR\/8\/34. Subsequently, three fractions were prepared from an ethanolic crude extract of RVS. In vitro assays indicated that an ethyl acetate fraction (RVSE) was more potent than H2O and CHCl3 fractions. RVSE significantly suppressed influenza virus infection in MDCK cells via neuraminidase inhibition. Additionally, RVSE treatment inhibited expression of several virus proteins and decreased mortality of mice exposed to influenza A\/PR\/8\/34 by 50% and reduced weight loss by 11.5%. Active components in RVSE were isolated, and 5-deoxyluteolin (5) and sulfuretin (7) demonstrate the highest neuraminidase inhibitory activity against influenza A virus. RVS, RVSE, and their constituents may be useful for the development of anti-influenza agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8824934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T05:05:15Z","timestamp":1604639115000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Anti-Influenza Activity of an Ethyl Acetate Fraction of a Rhus verniciflua Ethanol Extract by Neuraminidase Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0605-1231","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Young Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwan-Suck","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0934-7521","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jang-Gi","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00366-3"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2020.e00775"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1163-7385"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236812"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26163"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.67.9.5585-5594.1993"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)11433-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"8","first-page":"49","article-title":"The treatment of influenza with antiviral drugs","volume":"168","author":"G. 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