{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:06:07Z","timestamp":1773849967364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary nocardiosis is a rare disorder that mainly affects immune-compromised patients. We report a 37-year-old male who presented with persistent fever associated with productive cough. During this course of therapy, he had recurrent admissions for empyema thoracic. Clinically, his vital signs were normal. Blood investigations show leukocytosis with a significantly raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was scanty 1+ and sputum mycobacterium culture was negative. Chest X-ray (CXR) showed consolidative changes with mild to moderate pleural effusion on the right side. Skin biopsy was taken and showed Paecilomyces species. A computed tomography scan (CT thorax) was performed and revealed a multiloculated collection within the right hemithorax with a split pleura sign. Decortications were performed and tissue culture and sensitivity (C+S) growth of Nocardia species. And it is sensitive to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and completed treatment for 4 months. This case highlights that pulmonary nocardiosis should be kept in mind in also immune-competent patients, especially in suspected cases of tuberculosis not responding to antitubercular therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8840920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T03:20:14Z","timestamp":1603855214000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Recurrent Empyema Thoracic Secondary to Pulmonary Nocardiosis in Immunocompetent Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4417-0645","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samshol","family":"Sukahri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medical Unit, Department of Medicine, University Technology MARA, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lily Diana","family":"Zainudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medical Unit, Department of Medicine, University Technology MARA, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1768-2330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohd Firdaus","family":"Hadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9683-6683","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohd Al-Baqlish Mohd","family":"Firdaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Imran Abdul","family":"Hafidz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-37132008001100016"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2007.01078.x"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/134.3.286"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"4","first-page":"677","article-title":"Nocardia and human nocardiosis","volume":"69","author":"N. 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