{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T17:51:28Z","timestamp":1772733088109,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61601322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61601322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SKLA202002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLA202002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2019]740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2019]740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61601322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61601322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SKLA202002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLA202002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2019]740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2019]740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of the Third Research Academy, CASIC","award":["61601322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61601322"]}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of the Third Research Academy, CASIC","award":["SKLA202002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLA202002"]}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of the Third Research Academy, CASIC","award":["[2019]740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2019]740"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to the complexity of the underwater environment, underwater acoustic target recognition (UATR) has always been challenging. Although deep neural networks (DNN) have been used in UATR and some achievements have been made, the performance is not satisfactory when recognizing underwater targets with different Doppler shifts, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and interferences. In the paper, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was proposed to recognize the line spectrums of Detection of Envelope Modulation on Noise (DEMON) spectrums of underwater target-radiated noise. Datasets of targets with different Doppler shifts, SNRs, and interferences were designed to evaluate the generalization performance of the proposed CNN. Experimental results show that compared with traditional multilayer perceptron (MLP) networks, the 1D-CNN model better performs in recognition of targets with different Doppler shifts and SNRs. The outstanding generalization ability of the proposed model shows that it is suitable for practical engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8848507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T23:34:02Z","timestamp":1596324842000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Design and Performance Evaluation of a Deep Neural Network for Spectrum Recognition of Underwater Targets"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8560-1563","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dali","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Xuchen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Jinhang Computing Technology Research Institute, Tianjin, China"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1","first-page":"272","volume":"34","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Oceanography"},{"key":"2","first-page":"180","volume-title":"Optimisation of optical signal delay in slow-light systems based on stimulated Brillouin scattering","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"4","first-page":"138","volume":"40","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Acustica"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-48496-9_64"},{"issue":"5","key":"6","first-page":"674","volume":"88","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Acustica United with Acustica"},{"issue":"11","key":"10","first-page":"2684","volume":"39","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Electronics and Information Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"11","first-page":"843","volume":"33","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University"},{"issue":"1","key":"12","first-page":"66","volume":"25","year":"2006","journal-title":"Technical Acoustics"},{"key":"13","first-page":"69","volume":"26","year":"2007","journal-title":"Underwater & Physical Acoustics"},{"issue":"3","key":"14","first-page":"283","volume":"26","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University"},{"issue":"7","key":"16","first-page":"1327","volume":"40","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Harbin Engineering University"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19051104"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19163492"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2018.2886368"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lsp.2019.2919102"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2019.03709"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2018.08.007"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-017-3085-6"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11161888"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2018.10.039"},{"issue":"8","key":"27","first-page":"24","volume":"35","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ship Science and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"29","first-page":"228","volume":"29","year":"2010","journal-title":"Technical Acoustics"},{"issue":"4","key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.4.541","volume":"1","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1109\/5.726791","volume":"86","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE"},{"key":"32","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Convolutional networks for images, speech, and time-series","year":"1995"},{"key":"34","first-page":"1929","volume":"15","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16530-6_49"}],"container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2020\/8848507.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2020\/8848507.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2020\/8848507.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T23:34:26Z","timestamp":1596324866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2020\/8848507\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["8848507","8848507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/8848507","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-5265","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-5273","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]}}}