{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:30:08Z","timestamp":1765233008709,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012325","name":"National Social Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["18VSJ038","71974081","71704066","71971100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18VSJ038","71974081","71704066","71971100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18VSJ038","71974081","71704066","71971100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18VSJ038","71974081","71704066","71971100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Energy contributes significantly in almost all aspects of human life as well as economic activities and plays a crucial role in the infrastructural development of a county to alleviate poverty. Generating energy from a renewable source such as small hydropower through the application of pump operating as a turbine mode called Pump as Turbine is one of the best alternatives to provide clean and inexpensive energy. Using Pump as Turbine helps in generating reasonably priced hydroelectric power for communities in underdeveloped counties. This study investigates the effects of internal flow behaviour and performance of Pump as Turbine under different rotational speed and flow rate. The rotational speed is an essential physical parameter as it affects the Pump as Turbine operation. A model-specific speed centrifugal pump model with head 32 (m), flow rate of 12.5 (m3\/h) and the rotational speed of 2900\u2009rpm, has been selected for the study. Numerical simulations have been conducted using the k-\u03c9 turbulence model to solve three-dimensional (3D) equations. The pump mode experimental data were used to confirm the results for better analysis. The results predicted that vortex and turbulent kinetic energy increase per rotational speed increase. Also, at the higher rotational speed, very high recirculation of flow is detected at the blade suction chamber, although the pressure side has a smooth flow. This study provides beneficial information which will serve as a reference to help improve PAT performance along with selecting PAT for a small hydropower site. Future works will consider the impact of blade thickness and cavitation in Pump as Turbine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8869766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T02:05:16Z","timestamp":1605924316000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Computational Analysis on Numerical Simulation of Internal Flow Physics for Pump as Turbine in Renewable Small Hydro Energy Generation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9628-7496","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Du","family":"Jianguo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2539-0976","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Adu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"},{"name":"Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani, Sunyani, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Acheaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani, Sunyani, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shakir","family":"Hafeez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Ofosu Antw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani, Sunyani, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2017.11.042","article-title":"Case study of status and potential of small hydropower plants in southern African development community","volume":"141","author":"A. Daniel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"2","article-title":"Review on China\u2019s renewable energy and future projections","volume":"7","author":"Z. Jinfeng","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2013.11.030"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1001-6058(07)60026-2"},{"author":"A. Daniel","key":"5","article-title":"The prospects & submissions for small hydropower development in sub-saharan african"},{"issue":"3","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9429(1994)120:3(284)","article-title":"Experimental and Numerical Investigation on free Surface Velocity of vertical vortices at hydraulic intakes","volume":"120","author":"L. Hai-feng","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE"},{"author":"V. 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