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Due to its wide distribution in endemic areas, <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>.) <jats:italic>braziliensis<\/jats:italic> is considered one of the most important species in circulation in Brazil. Molecular targets derived from ribosomal RNA (rRNA) were used in studies to identify <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp.; however, the Intergenic Spacer (IGS) region has not yet been explored in parasite species differentiation. Besides, there is a shortage of sequences deposited in public repositories for this region. Thus, it was proposed to analyze and provide sequences of the IGS rRNA region from different <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. and to evaluate their potential as biomarkers to characterize <jats:italic>L. braziliensis<\/jats:italic>. A set of primers was designed for complete amplification of the IGS rRNA region of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. PCR products were submitted to Sanger sequencing. The sequences obtained were aligned and analyzed for size and similarity, as well as deposited in GenBank. Characteristics of the repetitive elements (IGSRE) present in the IGS rRNA were also verified. In addition, a set of primers for <jats:italic>L. braziliensis<\/jats:italic> identification for qPCR was developed and optimized. Sensitivity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>S<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>), specificity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>\u03c3<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>), and efficiency (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>\u03b5<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>) tests were applied. It was found that the mean size for the IGS rRNA region is 3\u2009kb, and the similarity analysis of the sequences obtained demonstrated high conservation among the species. It was observed that the size for the IGSRE repetitive region varies between 61 and 71\u2009bp, and there is a high identity between some species. Fifteen sequences generated for the IGS rRNA partial region of nine different species were deposited in GenBank so far. The specific primer system for <jats:italic>L. braziliensis<\/jats:italic> showed <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>S<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>10<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2009<\/mml:mtext><mml:mtext>fg<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>\u03b5<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>98.08<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>, and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">log<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>\u03c3<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math> for <jats:italic>Leishmania naiffi<\/jats:italic>; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">log<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>\u03c3<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math> for <jats:italic>Leishmania guyanensis<\/jats:italic>; and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">log<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>\u03c3<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math> for <jats:italic>Leishmania shawi<\/jats:italic>. This protocol system can be used for diagnosis, identification, and quantification of a patient\u2019s parasite load, aiding in the direction of a more appropriate therapeutic management to the cases of infection by this etiological agent. Besides that, the unpublished sequences deposited in databases can be used for multiple analyses in different contexts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8885070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T08:49:02Z","timestamp":1602060542000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysis of the IGS rRNA Region and Applicability for <i>Leishmania<\/i> (<i>V<\/i>.) <i>braziliensis<\/i> Characterization"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Tayn\u00e1 C.","family":"de Goes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Av. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rayana C. S.","family":"de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Av. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria G. N.","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Av. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R\u00f4mulo P.","family":"e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Av. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio M.","family":"Rezende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Av. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0043-8577","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Milena","family":"de Paiva-Cavalcanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Av. 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