{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T20:42:18Z","timestamp":1781642538307,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591315200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-0-01369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-0-01369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic kidney disease is a life-threatening complication. Primary diagnosis and active control avoid its progression. To increase the life span of a patient, it is necessary to detect such diseases in early stages. In this research paper, design and development of a fuzzy expert system (FES) to identify the current stage of chronic kidney disease is proposed. The proposed fuzzy rule-based expert system is developed with the help of clinical practice guidelines, database, and the knowledge of a team of specialists. It makes use of input variables like nephron functionality, blood sugar, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, age, body mass index (BMI), and smoke. The normality tests are applied on different input parameters. The input variables, i.e., nephron functionality, blood sugar, and BMI have more impact on the chronic kidney disease as shown by the response of surface analysis. The output of the system shows the current stage of patient\u2019s kidney disease. Totally 80 tests were performed on the FES developed in this research work, and the generated output was compared with expected output. It is observed that this system succeeds in 93.75% of the tests. This system supports the doctors in assessment of chronic kidney disease among patients. The detection of chronic kidney disease is a serious clinical problem that comprises imprecision, and the use of fuzzy inference system is suggested to overcome this issue. The proposed FES is implemented in the MATLAB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8887627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T23:42:43Z","timestamp":1591400563000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A Novel Fuzzy Logic-Based Medical Expert System for Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2077-1622","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jimmy","family":"Singla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balwinder","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Prashar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0074-2584","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sudan","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5446-288X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gyanendra Prasad","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5206-6560","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyungyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Convergence Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usman","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0779-3539","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Changho","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Convergence Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09180817"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2924584"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/713946"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09180817"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00017.2010"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2018.05.023"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2005.847133"},{"issue":"3","key":"31","volume":"25","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Nephrology"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-8-117"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2018.04.013"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.10.053"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2900233"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/EC-04-2017-0118"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-114"}],"container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2020\/8887627.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2020\/8887627.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2020\/8887627.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T23:42:45Z","timestamp":1591400565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2020\/8887627\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["8887627","8887627"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/8887627","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-017X","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]}}}