{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T15:46:38Z","timestamp":1769183198740,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592956800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"International Cooperative R&D program","award":["P0004241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0004241"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003661","name":"Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P0004241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0004241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P0004241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0004241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sensors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydroponic plant culturing requires the concentration of nutrients in the supplied solution to be maintained at a constant level. For example, phosphate ion concentration directly affects crop growth, which necessitates the development of convenient and rapid techniques for on-site phosphate quantitation. Herein, we developed a new low-cost colorimetric method of quick on-site phosphate quantitation based on a modification of the conventional molybdenum colorimetric method. Specifically, the nutrient solution treated with ascorbic acid and molybdate was analyzed by colorimetric method after 10\u2009min incubation, and a phosphate quantitation protocol was proposed. To verify this protocol, 50 nutrient solution samples with concentrations of 0\u2013200\u2009ppm were used to develop a model and perform a validation experiment, and the PLSR (Partial Least Squares Regression) and PCR (Principal Component Regression) models were developed and validated using a crossvalidation method and sample transmission spectra. The PLSR model, employing smoothing preprocessing at a 5\u2009nm wavelength spacing, exhibited the best prediction performance and showed an error of ~10% within the measurement range during verification. In addition, an artificial neural network-based model achieved <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.93<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> for the training set and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.86<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> for the validation set. Finally, we developed convenient-to-use software for phosphate ion quantitation by the presented method and performed a demonstration test.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9251416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T23:32:06Z","timestamp":1593041526000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Application of a Spectroscopic Analysis-Based Portable Sensor for Phosphate Quantitation in Hydroponic Solutions"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"HeeJo","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 25451, Saimdang-ro 679, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Biomaterial Engineering, 200, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 08826, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Dae-Hyun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 25451, Saimdang-ro 679, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Biomaterial Engineering, 200, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 08826, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Hak-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Biomaterial Engineering, 200, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 08826, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Taek Sung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 25451, Saimdang-ro 679, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Hyoung Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 25451, Saimdang-ro 679, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Ho-Youn","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 25451, Saimdang-ro 679, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5846-4233","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soo Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 25451, Saimdang-ro 679, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of 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