{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:28:20Z","timestamp":1791325700041,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600473600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disease Markers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D plays a role in central nervous system (CNS) development. Recent literature focused on vitamin D status in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but with inconsistent results. Our case-control study is aimed at evaluating serum 25-hydroxyl-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in children with ASD (ASD group, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>54<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) compared to children affected by other neurological and psychiatric disorders (non-ASD group, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>36<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). All patients were admitted at the Complex Operative Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Polyclinic of Bari, Italy. 25(OH)D was quantified by chemiluminescence immunoassay and level defined as: deficiency (&lt;20\u2009ng\/mL); insufficiency (20\u201330); normality (30-100); toxicity (&gt;100). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS20 (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mtext>significance<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). The ASD group showed 25(OH)D a mean level significantly lower than control (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.014<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed an association between ASD and vitamin D deficiency (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.006<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). The nature of such association is unclear. Vitamin D deficiency may probably act as a risk factor for the development of ASD. Further studies are needed to unravel the role of vitamin D in ASD etiology and investigate its therapeutic potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9292560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T23:31:33Z","timestamp":1600558293000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Vitamin D Deficiency in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1734-788X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria G.","family":"Petruzzelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Marzulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Margari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"De Giacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Gabellone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orazio V.","family":"Giannico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, 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