{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T20:49:03Z","timestamp":1758401343913,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]],"date-time":"2020-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vietnam National University HoChiMinh City","award":["C2019-26-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C2019-26-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nowadays, building intelligent systems for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education is necessary to support the studying of learners. Intelligent problem solver (IPS) is a system that can be able to solve or tutor how to solve the problems automatically. Learners only declare hypothesis and goal of problems based on a sufficient specification language. They can request the program to solve it automatically or to give instructions that help them to solve it themselves. Knowledge representation plays a vital role in these kinds of intelligent systems. There are various methods for knowledge representation; however, they do not meet the requirements of an IPS in STEM education. In this paper, we propose the criteria of a knowledge model for an IPS in education. These criteria orient to develop a method for knowledge representation to meet actual requirements in practice, especially pedagogical requirements. For proving the effectiveness of these criteria, a knowledge model is also constructed. This model can satisfy these criteria and be applied to build IPS for courses, such as mathematics and physics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9834218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]],"date-time":"2020-05-13T23:49:07Z","timestamp":1589413747000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Some Criteria of the Knowledge Representation Method for an Intelligent Problem Solver in STEM Education"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-0602","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hien D.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Information Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}]},{"given":"Nhon V.","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2302-7850","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nha P.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Transport and Communications, Campus in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Vietnam"}]},{"given":"Xuan Hau","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quang Binh University, \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi, Dong Hoi City, Quang Binh, Vietnam"}]},{"given":"Vuong T.","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sai Gon University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-071312-145659"},{"year":"2019","key":"3"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9183793"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/37115"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218194018500304"},{"issue":"1","key":"10","first-page":"17","volume":"14","year":"1993","journal-title":"AI Magazine"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.12.013"},{"year":"2004","key":"13"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2797038"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8042498"},{"first-page":"361","volume-title":"Building intelligent tutoring systems: overview","year":"2010","key":"18"},{"volume-title":"Chapter 9: knowledge representation in intelligent educational systems","year":"2006","key":"20"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/sej.1996.0041"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s13218-019-00597-y","volume":"33","year":"2019","journal-title":"K\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz (KI)"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-58495-1_30"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/ijdet.2018.092632"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10472-012-9296-8"},{"year":"2014","key":"35"},{"year":"2014","key":"36"},{"first-page":"39","volume-title":"Reducing model of COKB about operators knowledge and solving problems about operators","year":"2015","key":"37"},{"year":"2009","key":"38"}],"container-title":["Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/acisc\/2020\/9834218.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/acisc\/2020\/9834218.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/acisc\/2020\/9834218.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]],"date-time":"2020-05-13T23:49:13Z","timestamp":1589413753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/acisc\/2020\/9834218\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["9834218","9834218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/9834218","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1687-9724"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-9732"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]]}}}