{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T09:41:50Z","timestamp":1780047710440,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639958400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Condylar fractures are commonly associated with symphysis\/parasymphysis fractures. Condylar fractures have been attributed to direct and indirect traumatic forces, the direction and magnitude of the forces, and the condylar anatomy. The chief aim of this study was to determine the association between the newly defined mandibular chin angle and the occurrence of condylar fractures. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was conducted to analyze two-dimensional computed tomography (2D CT) scans of patients with a history of chin trauma. The outcome was a symphysis\/parasymphysis fracture with or without fracture of the mandibular condyle. The Mediff InstaRISPACS web-based platform was used to measure the chin angle. The cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius in the corresponding 2D CT midsagittal image was the standard reference plane to measure the chin angle. The SPSS Version 20 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY) was used for data analysis. Results. The sample size included 120 2D CT scans of patients with symphysis\/parasymphysis fractures (60 associated with condylar fractures and 60 without condylar fractures). The mean chin angle in the group without condylar fracture was 133.35\u2009\u00b1\u20093.87\u00b0, which was approximately 15\u00b0 lesser than in the condylar fracture group (mean, 148.56\u2009\u00b1\u20095.49\u00b0), and these findings were statistically significant <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n                           <a:mrow>\n                              <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                              <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                              <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                           <\/a:mrow>\n                        <\/a:mfenced>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>. Conclusion. Individuals with a high chin angle are potentially at a higher risk of sustaining associated condylar fractures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2380840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T18:36:51Z","timestamp":1640025411000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Influence of the Mandibular Chin Angle on the Occurrence of Mandibular Condylar Fracture: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4659-6500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sunil S.","family":"Nayak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Arun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay","family":"Taranath Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, KMC Hospital, Mangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3214-782X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bharath","family":"Jaladhigere Lakshmanagowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio Diagnosis and Imaging, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshita","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Koshy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0000000000000498"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jtn.0b013e31823a4c0e"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2015.12.013"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2013.11.491"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.199836"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2013.07.002"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.07.187"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2004.04.008"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.03.064"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.06.006"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(62)90002-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"12","first-page":"83","article-title":"Fractures of the facial skeleton","volume":"56","author":"N. L. Rowe","year":"1969","journal-title":"British Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1999.0339"},{"issue":"3","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.108.3.233","article-title":"Human (homo sapiens) facial attractiveness and sexual selection: the role of symmetry and averageness","volume":"108","author":"K. Grammer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0b013e31826bf24d"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(85)90002-7"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199205000-00011"},{"key":"18","first-page":"451","article-title":"Maxillofacial injuries: their nature and mechanisms of production","volume":"27","author":"D. F. Huelke","year":"1969","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Surgery"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2006.07.854"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345610400050601"},{"key":"21","volume-title":"Peterson\u2019s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","author":"M. Miloro","year":"2004","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149553"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2017.08.06"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-020-0837-0"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018170019"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2016.08.016"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12468"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2017.10.024"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.08.005"}],"container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2021\/2380840.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2021\/2380840.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2021\/2380840.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T18:37:01Z","timestamp":1640025421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2021\/2380840\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Daiji","family":"Endoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["2380840","2380840"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/2380840","relation":{},"ISSN":["1537-744X","2356-6140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1537-744X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2356-6140","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]}}}