{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T16:33:33Z","timestamp":1740155613712,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6 NU62PS924589-01-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6 NU62PS924589-01-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 26-year-old male presented to the emergency department feeling unwell in February of 2021 with symptoms including diaphoresis, loose stools, and loss of taste sensation. Workup not only confirmed a diagnosis of COVID-19 but also revealed discordant HIV test results, with a reactive fourth-generation antigen\/antibody test but a negative HIV-1\/2 differentiation immunoassay. Subsequent HIV viral load testing obtained two days later ultimately established a diagnosis of acute HIV (AHI). Screening for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is critical that providers (1) continue recommended screening for HIV as an essential service; (2) consider acute HIV in the differential when evaluating patients with acute viral syndromes; (3) recognize that AHI can occur concurrently with other infections, including COVID-19; and (4) understand the differential diagnosis for discordant HIV  test results and know when HIV viral load testing is needed to resolve such discordant results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2653678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T23:50:08Z","timestamp":1637106608000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Concurrent COVID-19 and Acute HIV: A Case Report and Diagnostic Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3333-099X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kelly A.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, Population Health Division, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Graglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth D.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"De Mesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HealthRIGHT 360 Clinic, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Antunez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, Population Health Division, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susa","family":"Coffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie E.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, Population Health Division, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"article-title":"COVID data tracker","year":"2021","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"1"},{"author":"K. P. Delaney","key":"2","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on commercial laboratory testing for HIV in the United States"},{"author":"Y. A. Huang","key":"3","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on PrEP prescriptions in the United States: a time series analysis"},{"author":"H. Weinstock","key":"4","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on STD surveillance"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/olq.0000000000001441"},{"author":"K. Renfro","key":"6","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on sexual behavior"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03024-8"},{"article-title":"COVID-19: symptoms of coronavirus","year":"2021","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"8"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2203.151607"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.04.086"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11403"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd012962.pub2"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaa515.1903"},{"article-title":"Recommended laboratory HIV testing algorithm for serum or plasma specimens","year":"2021","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","key":"14"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/655651"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2021\/2653678.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2021\/2653678.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2021\/2653678.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T23:50:10Z","timestamp":1637106610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2021\/2653678\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Aristomenis K.","family":"Exadaktylos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["2653678","2653678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/2653678","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9635","1687-9627"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-9635"},{"type":"print","value":"1687-9627"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]}}}