{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T03:46:30Z","timestamp":1770522390596,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. To investigate the incidence of adverse effects of propofol among pediatric population for sedation or anesthesia. Methods. We performed Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases to research relevant literature. We did sensitivity analysis to assess the incidence of adverse effects of propofol among pediatric population for sedation or anesthesia. Results. In 132 studies, eight RCTs were included in this analysis. The result showed that adverse events (bradypnea, hypotension, hypertension, and apnea) were significantly improved in the pediatric emergency population in the propofol group, but it had no effect on the incidence of cough attacks, desaturation, agitation, stridor, and laryngospasm. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis showed that those who received propofol for had decreased adverse effects compared with the patients who received ketamine treatment (<jats:inline-formula><a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><a:mtext>SMD<\/a:mtext><a:mo>=<\/a:mo><a:mn>0.44<\/a:mn><\/a:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><c:mn>95<\/c:mn><c:mi>%<\/c:mi><c:mtext>CI<\/c:mtext><c:mo>=<\/c:mo><c:mfenced open=\"[\" close=\"]\"><c:mrow><c:mn>0.28<\/c:mn><c:mo>,<\/c:mo><c:mn>0.67<\/c:mn><\/c:mrow><\/c:mfenced><\/c:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><g:msup><g:mrow><g:mi>I<\/g:mi><\/g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mn>2<\/g:mn><\/g:mrow><\/g:msup><g:mo>=<\/g:mo><g:mn>0<\/g:mn><\/g:math><\/jats:inline-formula>%, and<jats:inline-formula><i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><i:mi>P<\/i:mi><i:mo>=<\/i:mo><i:mn>0.0002<\/i:mn><\/i:math><\/jats:inline-formula>), which demonstrated that propofol could decrease the incidence of adverse effects compared with ketamine and ketofol. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that propofol may decrease the incidence of bradypnea, hypotension, hypertension, and apnea, but it had no effect on the incidence of cough attacks, desaturation, agitation, stridor, and laryngospasm. Furthermore, more large RCTs are needed to assess incidence of adverse effects of propofol among pediatric population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3160154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T19:05:25Z","timestamp":1640286325000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Incidence of Adverse Effects of Propofol for Procedural Sedation\/Anesthesia in the Pediatric Emergency Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YingChun","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Ao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1328-3244","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Liping","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-03930-6"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-0812-x"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000524"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-013-0358-z"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000001213","article-title":"Nitrous oxide 70% for procedural analgosedation in a pediatric emergency department-with or without intranasal fentanyl?","volume":"35","author":"S. Michelle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatric Emergency Care"},{"key":"6","article-title":"Patient-maintained versus anaesthetist-controlled propofol sedation during elective primary lower-limb arthroplasty performed under spinal anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial","author":"D. W. Hewson","year":"2021","journal-title":"British Journal of Anaesthesia"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3182531a9b"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2452-2473.313334"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.05.036"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2020.02.010"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000933"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32833b7d7c"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.12884"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12146"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27108"},{"issue":"4","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2016-205767","article-title":"Procedural sedation in the emergency department by Dutch emergency physicians: a prospective multicentre observational study of 1711 adults","volume":"34","author":"G. J. Smits","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Journa"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12484"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20170824-01"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13548"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14423\/SMJ.0000000000000973"},{"issue":"2","key":"21","first-page":"S38","article-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, version5.1.0[updated March 2011]","volume":"5","author":"J. P. T. Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1304100609"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/AOT.923398"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2009.02971.x"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.03.024"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.37.4.thv8372410714342"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.923681"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13315"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12031"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.115.226977"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.07.013"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2016-0191"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.08.026"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-020-03916-w"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000655"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004967"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-019-02173-6"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3844-7"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2019.08.011"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.04.041"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9843698","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000},"record-id":"59995"},{"DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9843698","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000}}],"container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2021\/3160154.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2021\/3160154.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2021\/3160154.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T20:34:22Z","timestamp":1699994062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2021\/3160154\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Osamah Ibrahim","family":"Khalaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["3160154","3160154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/3160154","relation":{"retraction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1155\/2023\/9843698","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1748-6718","1748-670X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6718","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1748-670X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]}}}