{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:12:40Z","timestamp":1789053160332,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017616","name":"Beijing Talents foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017616","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017616","name":"Beijing Talents foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["KZ201810025038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KZ201810025038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017616","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017616","name":"Beijing Talents foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81770792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81770792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017616","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003213","name":"Beijing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003213","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003213","name":"Beijing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KZ201810025038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KZ201810025038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003213","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003213","name":"Beijing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81770792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81770792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003213","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KZ201810025038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KZ201810025038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81770792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81770792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purposes. In this study, we aimed to verify plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) elevation in newly diagnosed overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to evaluate the effectiveness of liraglutide on reducing liver fat content and serum (FGF21) levels in those patients. Methods. A 12-week, single-center, prospective study was conducted. Twenty newly diagnosed overweight patients with T2DM and NAFLD were recruited. Twenty healthy age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) matched subjects were enrolled as the control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum FGF21 levels. Liver fat content was determined using the 3.0 T whole-body MRI scanner. Results. Those newly diagnosed overweight patients with T2DM and NAFLD had a BMI of <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mn>27.6<\/a:mn>\n                        <a:mo>\u00b1<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.5<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009kg\/m2. They had higher levels of FGF21 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mn>159.6<\/c:mn>\n                        <c:mo>\u00b1<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>35.7<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> vs. <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mn>124.1<\/e:mn>\n                        <e:mo>\u00b1<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>42.9<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009pg\/ml, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>&lt;<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.001<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and increased liver fat content (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mn>19.3<\/i:mn>\n                        <i:mo>\u00b1<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>9.4<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> vs. <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mn>4.5<\/k:mn>\n                        <k:mo>\u00b1<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.6<\/k:mn>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>%, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>P<\/m:mi>\n                        <m:mo>&lt;<\/m:mo>\n                        <m:mn>0.001<\/m:mn>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) compared to the controls. Liraglutide treatment for 12 weeks induced a significant 4.9\u2009kg weight loss (95% confidence interval (CI): -6.1, -3.7, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\">\n                        <o:mi>P<\/o:mi>\n                        <o:mo>&lt;<\/o:mo>\n                        <o:mn>0.001<\/o:mn>\n                     <\/o:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), which was equivalent to a relative reduction of 6.8% (95% CI: 5.3%, 8.3%, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <q:math xmlns:q=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\">\n                        <q:mi>P<\/q:mi>\n                        <q:mo>&lt;<\/q:mo>\n                        <q:mn>0.001<\/q:mn>\n                     <\/q:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). FGF21 levels decreased after the 12-week liraglutide treatment (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <s:math xmlns:s=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\">\n                        <s:mn>159.6<\/s:mn>\n                        <s:mo>\u00b1<\/s:mo>\n                        <s:mn>35.7<\/s:mn>\n                     <\/s:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> vs. <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <u:math xmlns:u=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\">\n                        <u:mn>124.2<\/u:mn>\n                        <u:mo>\u00b1<\/u:mo>\n                        <u:mn>27.8<\/u:mn>\n                     <\/u:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009pg\/ml, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <w:math xmlns:w=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\">\n                        <w:mi>P<\/w:mi>\n                        <w:mo>=<\/w:mo>\n                        <w:mn>0.006<\/w:mn>\n                     <\/w:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). There was a positive correlation between relative changes of liver fat content and relative change of FGF21 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <y:math xmlns:y=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M13\">\n                        <y:mi>r<\/y:mi>\n                        <y:mo>=<\/y:mo>\n                        <y:mn>0.645<\/y:mn>\n                     <\/y:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <ab:math xmlns:ab=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M14\">\n                        <ab:mi>P<\/ab:mi>\n                        <ab:mo>=<\/ab:mo>\n                        <ab:mn>0.002<\/ab:mn>\n                     <\/ab:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). FGF21 levels significantly decreased in patients who had a significant decrease in liver fat content (\u226529%) (95% CI: -262.8, -55.1, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <cb:math xmlns:cb=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M15\">\n                        <cb:mi>P<\/cb:mi>\n                        <cb:mo>=<\/cb:mo>\n                        <cb:mn>0.006<\/cb:mn>\n                     <\/cb:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>); however, there was no significant change in the patients without a significant decrease in liver fat content (&lt;29%) (95% CI: -60.0, 54.1, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <eb:math xmlns:eb=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M16\">\n                        <eb:mi>P<\/eb:mi>\n                        <eb:mo>=<\/eb:mo>\n                        <eb:mn>0.899<\/eb:mn>\n                     <\/eb:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusions. Liraglutide treatment reduced both liver fat content and FGF21 levels in newly diagnosed overweight patients with T2DM and NAFLD. FGF21 may be a potential biomarker for evaluating the effects of liraglutide treatment on hepatic fat and glucose metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3715026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T04:01:01Z","timestamp":1633924861000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Liraglutide Decreases Liver Fat Content and Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels in Newly Diagnosed Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gong ti South Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100020, 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