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Although there are many methods to diagnose IR, new biomarkers are still being sought for early and noninvasive diagnosis of the disease. Of particular interest in laboratory diagnostics is saliva collected in a stress\u2010free, noninvasive, and straightforward manner. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of salivary redox biomarkers in preclinical studies in an animal model. The study was conducted on 20 male Wistar rats divided into two equal groups: a standard diet and a high\u2010fat diet (HFD). In all rats fed the HFD, IR was confirmed by an elevated homeostasis model assessment (HOMA\u2010IR) index. We have shown that IR is responsible for the depletion of the enzymatic (\u2193superoxide dismutase) and nonenzymatic (\u2193ascorbic acid, \u2193reduced glutathione (GSH)) antioxidant barrier at both the central (serum\/plasma) and salivary gland (saliva) levels. In IR rats, we also demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of protein\/lipid oxidation (\u2191protein carbonyls, \u21914\u2010hydroxynoneal (4\u2010HNE)), glycation (\u2191advanced glycation end products), and nitration (\u21913\u2010nitrotyrosine) products in both saliva and blood plasma. Salivary nonenzymatic antioxidants and oxidative stress products generally correlate with their blood levels, while GSH and 4\u2010HNE have the highest correlation coefficient. Salivary GSH and 4\u2010HNE correlate with body weight and BMI and indices of carbohydrate metabolism (glucose, insulin, HOMA\u2010IR) and proinflammatory adipokines (leptin, resistin, TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>). These biomarkers differentiate IR from healthy controls with very high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%). The high diagnostic utility of salivary GSH and 4\u2010HNE is also confirmed by multivariate regression analysis. Summarizing, saliva can be used to assess the systemic antioxidant status and the intensity of systemic oxidative stress. Salivary GSH and 4\u2010HNE may be potential biomarkers of IR progression. There is a need for human clinical trials to evaluate the diagnostic utility of salivary redox biomarkers in IR conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3734252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T19:52:36Z","timestamp":1631649156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Insulin Resistance: Preclinical Studies in an Animal 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