{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:12:43Z","timestamp":1792519963309,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":312,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Treponemal infections can be blood\u2010borne with great public health consequences. This study is aimed at comparatively describing the five\u2010year (2013\u20102017) regional epidemiology of treponemal infection using pregnant women in the sentinel survey and apparently healthy blood donors as a proxy for the general population at four sentinel sites in the Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana. We analyzed retrospective data from 17,744 prospective blood donors aged 18 to 58 years and 7,817 pregnant women in a sentinel survey with ages from 15 to 49 years at Hohoe, Ho, Tongu, and Krachi West sentinel sites in the Volta and Oti Regions. Laboratory data extracted include variables such as age, gender, date of blood donation, and <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic> chromatographic immunoassay results from the blood banks of the four study sites. The five\u2010year treponemal infection rate among the pregnant women in the sentinel survey and prospective blood donors was 0.79% and 2.38%, respectively. Site\u2010specific infection rate for population\u2010based\/sentinel survey was 4.6%\/1.1%, 2.0%\/0.5%, 1.3%\/1.1, and 1.2%\/0.3% for Hohoe, Ho, Krachi West, and Tongu, respectively. Significant gender disparity in Treponemal infection rate exists with a male preponderance. The regional infection rate in the sentinel survey is lower compared to the general population. Therefore, the use of pregnant women as a proxy for population estimates could underestimate the burden in the study jurisdiction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4462389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T19:20:06Z","timestamp":1636485606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Comparative Study of the Epidemiology of Treponemal Infection in the Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana: A Five\u2010Year Multisite Parallel Population\u2010Based Analysis vis\u2010\u00e0\u2010vis the Sentinel Survey"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1628-0735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvester 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