{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:21:45Z","timestamp":1773274905646,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":264,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. To date, hemodialysis (HD) is the most common therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, it causes different complications such as sleep disorders. Sleep regulation is connected to vitamin D; hence, its deficiency might influence the quality and duration of sleep. This study is aimed at evaluating the correlation of sleep quality and vitamin D levels in 80 HD patients. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. This cross\u2010sectional study was performed on 80 hemodialysis patients admitted to 29 Bahman hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Before beginning of dialysis, serum 25 (OH) D levels were assessed among patients and the sleep patterns and sleep quality of patients were accurately calculated by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) standard questionnaire. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Our results showed that 22 HD patients (27.5%) had severe sleep disorders. In addition, it was found that serum levels of vitamin D had significant correlation with sleep quality (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.341, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) in general, even after adjusting confounding factors such as calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. In poor sleepers (PSQI \u2264 5), a negative correlation was observed between the levels of vitamin D and PSQI score (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.397, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.004). PSQI scores in the normal range of PTH (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.377, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) and in &gt;600\u2009pg\/ml of PTH (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.675, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.011) had a correlation with vitamin D levels. The level of vitamin D was the single independent predictor of sleep efficiency (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009coefficient = \u22120.386, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The present project reported that the positive effect of vitamin D is associated with sleep disorder in HD patients. In future studies, normal levels of Ca and P should be considered along with normal vitamin D levels among the included patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4612091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T17:31:31Z","timestamp":1632331891000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Association of Sleep Quality and Vitamin D Levels in Hemodialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Seyyedeh Mina","family":"Hejazian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7230-0489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elham","family":"Ahmadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sepideh","family":"Zununi Vahed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leili","family":"Faraji Gogani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1199-6881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farahnoosh","family":"Farnood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijnmr.IJNMR_184_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-020-03611-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(02)00003-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2009.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880102401204"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2007.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2001.0240"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","first-page":"74","article-title":"Factors associated with sleep disorders in patients on chronic hemodialysis treatment","volume":"4","author":"Pojati\u0107 \u0110.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Southeastern European Medical Journal: SEEMEDJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000497242"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200310145935"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8390"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4914"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103490"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00496810"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.201398898"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-015-0412-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130395"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.503"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00981.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52006-7.00015-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2013.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-269811"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-246546"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101379"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014101009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000366479"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JDI-56620"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.025502"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.12761211"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980019005251"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","first-page":"32","article-title":"Vitamin D status as an international issue: national surveys and the problem of standardization","volume":"243","author":"Sempos C. 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