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We searched the PubMed and Embase databases to identify English published literature between January 1st, 1980, and December 31st, 2018. Inclusion criteria were studies evaluating clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of clavicular BO and NBO, with eligible data for synthesis analysis. Results. Altogether, 129 studies with 327 patients were included. Compared with BO, clavicular NBO favored females (<jats:inline-formula><a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><a:mi>P<\/a:mi><a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo><a:mn>0.001<\/a:mn><\/a:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) and age below 20 years (<jats:inline-formula><c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><c:mi>P<\/c:mi><c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo><c:mn>0.001<\/c:mn><\/c:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) and mostly presented in a chronic phase (disease term exceeding 2 months) (<jats:inline-formula><e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><e:mi>P<\/e:mi><e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo><e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn><\/e:math><\/jats:inline-formula>). Although local pain and swelling were the top two symptoms for both disorders, fever, erythema, and a sinus tract were more frequently found in BO patients (<jats:inline-formula><g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><g:mi>P<\/g:mi><g:mo>&lt;<\/g:mo><g:mn>0.01<\/g:mn><\/g:math><\/jats:inline-formula>). Although they both favored the medial side, lesions in the clavicular lateral side mostly occurred in BO patients (<jats:inline-formula><i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><i:mi>P<\/i:mi><i:mo>=<\/i:mo><i:mn>0.002<\/i:mn><\/i:math><\/jats:inline-formula>). However, no significant differences were identified regarding the serological levels of white blood cell count (<jats:inline-formula><k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><k:mi>P<\/k:mi><k:mo>=<\/k:mo><k:mn>0.06<\/k:mn><\/k:math><\/jats:inline-formula>), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (<jats:inline-formula><m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><m:mi>P<\/m:mi><m:mo>=<\/m:mo><m:mn>0.27<\/m:mn><\/m:math><\/jats:inline-formula>), or C-reactive protein (<jats:inline-formula><o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><o:mi>P<\/o:mi><o:mo>=<\/o:mo><o:mn>0.33<\/o:mn><\/o:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) between BO and NBO patients before therapy. Overall, the BO patients achieved a statistically higher cure rate than that of the NBO patients (<jats:inline-formula><q:math xmlns:q=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><q:mi>P<\/q:mi><q:mo>=<\/q:mo><q:mn>0.018<\/q:mn><\/q:math><\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusions. Females, age below 20 years, and a long duration of clavicular pain and swelling may imply NBO. While the occurrence of a sinus tract and lesions in the lateral side may be clues of BO, inflammatory biomarkers revealed limited values for differential diagnosis. BO patients could achieve a better efficacy than the NBO patients based on current evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4634505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T23:50:06Z","timestamp":1611791406000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Similarities and Differences between Clavicular Bacterial Osteomyelitis and Nonbacterial Osteitis: Comparisons of 327 Reported Cases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2416-1653","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone & Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-ran","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zi-long","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone & Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3109-2062","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone & Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0040-z"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-006-0092-5"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/229255030801600208"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218810411005266"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.09.019"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000001874"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.n.01350"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.01.001"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000001469"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0405-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"11","first-page":"329","article-title":"Subacute and chronic symmetrical osteomyelitis","volume":"15","author":"A. 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