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These types of stem cells can undergo multilineage differentiation including blood cells, cardiac cells, and osteogenic cells differentiation, thus providing an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering and personalized medicine. Despite the ability to reprogram human adult somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in culture which provided a great opportunity and opened the new door for establishing the in vitro disease modeling and generating an unlimited source for cell base therapy, using MSCs for regeneration purposes still have a great chance to cure diseases. In this review, we discuss the important issues in MSCs biology including the origin and functions of MSCs and their application for craniofacial and periodontal tissue regeneration, discuss the potential and clinical applications of this type of stem cells in differentiation to maxillofacial bone and cartilage in vitro, and address important future hopes and challenges in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4759492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T19:50:16Z","timestamp":1636487416000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Potential of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Maxillofacial and Periodontal Regeneration: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6124-7056","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Khorasani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, 47138-18983 Babol, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Bani-hashem Square, 16635-148 Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2090-9011","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mahboubeh","family":"Sanchouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Str, 47176-47745 Babol, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7381-3091","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javad","family":"Mehrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0552-8931","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Davood","family":"Sabour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, 47138-18983 Babol, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Bani-hashem Square, 16635-148 Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Str, 47176-47745 Babol, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-0674(95)80071-9"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c01800"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8827874"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/bme-141036"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201600057"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2016.06.010"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.118.313664"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5173732"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2013.11.001"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8010029"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.06.027"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107632701300062859"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb0901-778"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1433"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5309.66"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-169-1_1"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v98.9.2615"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080886"},{"issue":"2","key":"19","first-page":"S467","article-title":"Bone loss in the oral cavity","volume":"8","author":"M. 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