{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:57:25Z","timestamp":1784077045026,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015774","name":"University of Malta","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Malta Enterprise"},{"name":"Foundation for Medical Service"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We intended to reformulate an existing platelet\u2010derived wound healing formula to target each phase of the healing wound with the appropriate phase\u2010specific molecules. A decreased perfusion of the skin, often associated with conditions such as thalassemia, sickle cell disease, diabetes mellitus, and chronic vascular disease, is the most common etiology of cutaneous ulcers and chronic wounds. We had previously shown that a PDWHF topically applied to a chronic nonhealing ulcer of a <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010thalassemia homozygote stimulated and accelerated closure of the wound. The PDWHF was prepared from a pooled platelet concentrate of a matching blood group, consisting of a combination of platelet <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010granule\u2010derived factors. Processing of the apheresis\u2010pooled platelets yielded various amounts of proteins (3.36\u2009g\/mL \u00b1 0.25 (SD) (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 10)) by the better lysis buffer method. Immunoglobulin G was found to be the most abundant <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010granule\u2010secreted protein. Equally broad quantities of the IgG (10.76 \u00b1 12.66<jats:italic>%<\/jats:italic> (SD) (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 10)) and IgG\/albumin ratios (0.6 \u00b1 0.4 (SD) (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 10)) were quantified. We have developed a method using a reformulated lysis buffer followed by size exclusion chromatography and affinity chromatography to extract, identify, quantify, and purify IgG from activated platelets. IgG purification was confirmed by Western blot and flow cytometry. It was thought unlikely that the platelet IgG could be accounted for by adsorption of plasma protein, though the variable quantities could account for diversity in wound healing rates. The IgG could protect the wound even from subclinical infections and functionally advance healing. It may be useful in the management of skin ulcers in the early phase of wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4762657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T03:20:08Z","timestamp":1611890408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Immunoglobulin G in Platelet\u2010Derived Wound Healing Factors"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3003-4151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Seria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9183-5887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Samut Tagliaferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3274-8211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doreen","family":"Cutajar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7835-3445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Galdies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0015-3923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Felice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21838"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23571"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-008-0120-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1993.tb04710.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2008.00436.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09804.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.1.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-018-0234-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jdb3020057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2613.2000.00158.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198210000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7452.1358"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2001.02540-2.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"The treatment of chronic nonhealing wounds using autologous platelet-derived growth factors","volume":"32","author":"Ganio C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","unstructured":"DaveyM. G.andLuscherE. F. Platelet proteins Biochemistry of Blood Platelets 1967 Academic Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(68)90230-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090232"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.04022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2008.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2002.11.6.26411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0203.960306"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01647018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-77674-3_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","article-title":"Therapeutic antibodies for improved wound healing","volume":"23","author":"Turner C. T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wound Practice & Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2010.0729"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(94)90037-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","unstructured":"Sigma-Aldrich Bovine serum albumin 2020 https:\/\/www.sigmaaldrich.com\/catalog\/product\/sigma\/b2064?lang=en&region=MT&gclid=EAIaIQobChMIl8LKv7L-6AIVCKaaCh1iGQIqEAAYASAAEgKodvD_BwE."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.otsm.2016.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.04.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517746112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2008.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920112800624382"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2017.1293812"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-08-2804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","first-page":"1047","article-title":"Immuno-electrophoresis of human blood platelet antigens","volume":"88","author":"Salmon J.","year":"1958","journal-title":"Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V37.3.316.316"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1979.tb01173.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","first-page":"97","article-title":"Platelet IgG: measurement, interpretation, and clinical significance","volume":"10","author":"George J. N.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Prog Hemost Thromb"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01207a034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.200500037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","first-page":"315","article-title":"Plasma fractionation: conventional and chromatographic methods for albumin purification","volume":"39","author":"Denizli A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02648725.2000.10647987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9673(92)85453-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_2","first-page":"650","article-title":"Comparison of two different HPLC hydroxylapatite matrices for resolution of IgG idiotypes","volume":"14","author":"Vola R.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_2","first-page":"559","article-title":"Isolation of immunoglobulins and their use in immunoaffinity HPLC","volume":"26","author":"Josic D. J.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200900055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2008.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2206"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_2","first-page":"59","article-title":"Phagocytosis as a surface phenomenon: opsonization by aspecific adsorption of IgG as a function of bacterial hydrophobicity","volume":"31","author":"Absolom D. R.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of the Reticuloendothelial Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m88-054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.2.324"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08941938909018265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_2","volume-title":"Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Basic Principles and Clinical Practice","author":"Colman R. W."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61737-998-7_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/2853"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2009.03119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2016.1269580"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2012.00802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_2","first-page":"1447","article-title":"Biologic therapies for psoriasis. A systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Boehncke W.","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(81)90049-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_2","unstructured":"PoelstraK. A. van der MeiH. C. GottenbosB. GraingerD. W. van HornJ. R. andBusscherH. J. Pooled human immunoglobulins reduce adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a parallel plate flow chamber 1999 https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/27910841\/Surgical_Irrigation_with_Pooled_Human_Immunoglobulin_G_to_Reduce_Post_Operative_Spinal_Implant_Infection."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_2","unstructured":"RojasI. A. AndersonG. A. GraingerD. W. andSluntJ. B. Inhibition of flagellated bacteria motility in vitro using pooled human polyclonal immunoglobulin 1999."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(99)00017-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_2","unstructured":"PoelstraK. A. BarekziN. A. SluntJ. B. SchulerT. C. andGraingerD. W. Surgical irrigation with pooled human IgG to reduce postoperative spinal implant infection 1999 https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/27910841\/Surgical_Irrigation_with_Pooled_Human_Immunoglobulin_G_to_Reduce_Post_Operative_Spinal_Implant_Infection."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_2","unstructured":"BarekziN. A. FeltsA. PoelstraK. A. SluntJ. B. andGraingerD. W. Locally delivered polyclonal antibodies potentiate the efficacy of intravenous antibiotics against infection 1999 https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/27910841\/Surgical_Irrigation_with_Pooled_Human_Immunoglobulin_G_to_Reduce_Post_Operative_Spinal_Implant_Infection."}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/4762657.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/4762657.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/4762657","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T16:28:37Z","timestamp":1735662517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/4762657"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Saheem","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/4762657"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/4762657","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"4762657"}}