{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:28:57Z","timestamp":1792056537182,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":185,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001724","name":"International Foundation for Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I-1-F-6451-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-1-F-6451-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001724","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004766","name":"Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I-1-F-6451-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-1-F-6451-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004766","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Many studies have been undertaken on the medicinal values of Erythrina abyssinica Lam. ex DC. (Fabaceae). The details, however, are highly fragmented in different journals, libraries, and other publication media. This study was therefore conducted to provide a comprehensive report on its ethnobotany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemicals, and the available pharmacological evidence supporting its efficacy and safety in traditional medicine. Method. We collected data using a PROSPERO registered systematic review protocol on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and ethnopharmacology of Erythrina abyssinica from 132 reports that were retrieved from electronic databases. Documented local names, morphology, growth habit and habitat, ethnomedicinal and nonmedicinal uses, diseases treated, parts used, method of preparation and administration, extraction and chemical identity of isolated compounds, and efficacy and toxicity of extracts and isolated compounds were captured. Numerical data were summarized into means, percentages, and frequencies and presented as graphs and tables. Results. Erythrina abyssinica is harvested by traditional herbal medicine practitioners in East, Central, and South African communities to prepare herbal remedies for various human and livestock ailments. These include bacterial and fungal infections, tuberculosis, malaria, HIV\/AIDS, diarrhea, cancer, meningitis, inflammatory diseases, urinary tract infections, wounds, diabetes mellitus, and skin and soft tissue injuries. Different extracts and phytochemicals from parts of E. abyssinica have been scientifically proven to possess anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antiproliferative, antifungal, antimycobacterial, antidiarrheal, anti-HIV 1, antidiabetic, and antiobesity activities. This versatile pharmacological activity is due to the abundant flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids present in its different parts. Conclusion. Erythrina abyssinica is an important ethnomedicinal plant in Africa harboring useful pharmacologically active phytochemicals against various diseases with significant efficacies and minimal toxicity to mammalian cells. Therefore, this plant should be conserved and its potential to provide novel molecules against diseases be explored further. Clinical trials that evaluate the efficacy and safety of extracts and isolated compounds from E. abyssinica are recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5513484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T19:50:09Z","timestamp":1614887409000},"page":"1-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytoconstituents, Bioactivities, and Toxicities of Erythrina abyssinica Lam. ex DC. (Fabaceae): A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9258-2519","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samuel Baker","family":"Obakiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, P.O. Box 1460, Mbale, Uganda"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"},{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemicals, Textiles and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1742-4470","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ambrose","family":"Kiprop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"},{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemicals, Textiles and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Kigondu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Traditional Medicine and Drug Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"K\u2019Owino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masinde-Muliro University, P.O. Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya"},{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemicals, Textiles and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9550-4417","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark Peter","family":"Odero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"},{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemicals, Textiles and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9639-9877","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Scolastica","family":"Manyim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"},{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemicals, Textiles and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0175-1055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Timothy","family":"Omara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"},{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemicals, Textiles and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Quality Control and Quality Assurance, Product Development Directory, AgroWays Uganda Limited, Plot 34-60, Kyabazinga Way, P.O. Box 1924, Jinja, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Namukobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0211-8833","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Richard Oriko","family":"Owor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Education, Busitema University, P.O. Box 236, Tororo, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6031-1642","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yahaya","family":"Gavamukulya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, P.O. Box 1460, Mbale, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Bunalema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6321"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2016.10.001"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6661565"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112662"},{"key":"5","article-title":"Erythrina abysynica. The anti-helminthic plant","author":"R. Komakech","year":"2018"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines6040105"},{"issue":"8","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.70908","article-title":"Erythrina variegata Linn: a review on morphology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological aspects","volume":"4","author":"A. Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacognosy Reviews"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.13.3.800"},{"key":"9","first-page":"422","article-title":"Useful trees and shrubs useful trees and shrubs in eritrea: identification, propagation and management for agricultural and pastoral communities","volume-title":"Technical Handbook No. 12","author":"E. Bein","year":"1996"},{"key":"10","article-title":"Agroforestry database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0","author":"C. Orwa","year":"2009"},{"key":"11","volume-title":"Useful Trees and Shrubs for Uganda\u2013Identification, Propagation, and Management for Agricultural and Pastoral Communities","author":"B. Katende","year":"1995"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3529081"},{"key":"13","volume-title":"\u2018\u2018Medicinal Plants of East Africa","author":"J. O. Kokwaro","year":"1976","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-8741(03)00161-2"},{"key":"15","volume-title":"\u2018\u2018Medicinal Plants of East Africa\u2019\u2019","author":"J. O. Kokwaro","year":"1993"},{"key":"16","volume-title":"Medicinal Plants of East Africa","author":"J. O. Kokwaro","year":"1994"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1828521"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4538602"},{"issue":"1","key":"19","first-page":"18","article-title":"The antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants used in Meru Central District, Kenya","volume":"35","author":"J. K. Musau","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Kenya Veterinarian"},{"key":"20","article-title":"Indigenous multipurpose multipurpose trees of Tanzania: uses and economic benefits for people","volume-title":"FO:Misc\/93\/9 Working Paper","author":"D. A. Hines","year":"1993"},{"issue":"3","key":"21","first-page":"15","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological study on medicinal plants used to treat infectious diseases in the rungwe district, Tanzania","volume":"1","author":"S. M. Maregesi","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/phbi.39.2.132.6251"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.09.025"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(84)90053-9"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(86)90062-0"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(89)90057-3"},{"issue":"17","key":"27","first-page":"287","article-title":"Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the blue nile state, south-eastern Sudan","volume":"5","author":"M. S. Musa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-8741(02)00245-3"},{"key":"29","first-page":"865","article-title":"Survey of some common medicinal plants used in Eritrean folk medicine","volume":"112","author":"B. Yemane","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine"},{"key":"30","article-title":"WHO global report on traditional and complementary medicine","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-015-0077-4"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00184"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3np70058e"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB2013.13491","article-title":"Plant natural products research in tuberculosis drug discovery and development: a situation report with focus on Nigerian biodiversity","volume":"13","author":"N. N. Ibekwe","year":"2014","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804765-1.00005-9","article-title":"modern natural products drug discovery and its relevance to biodiversity conservation,","volume-title":"Microbial Resources: From Functional Existence in Nature to Applications","author":"C. B. Naman","year":"2017"},{"key":"36","first-page":"1824","article-title":"Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review","volume":"323","author":"J. M. Sanders","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1602-x"},{"key":"38","first-page":"46","article-title":"Ulcerogenic potential of Eucalyptus globulus L . leaf extract in Wistar albino rats","volume":"4","author":"S. B. Obakiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112205","article-title":"Indigenous traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by herbalists in treating opportunistic infections among people living with HIV\/AIDS in Uganda","volume":"246","author":"G. Anywar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21273\/hortsci.50.5.738"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10457-011-9381-8"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00010","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00010-2015","article-title":"New anti-tuberculosis drugs and regimens: 2015 update","volume":"1","author":"L. D. Ambrosio","year":"2015","journal-title":"ERJ Open Research"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-5-26"},{"issue":"4","key":"44","first-page":"961","article-title":"Deforestation and its impact on ethno-medicinal practices among Bodo tribe of kokrajhar district in Assam, India","volume":"4","author":"D. Mwchahary","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"45","first-page":"561","article-title":"Bio-Diversity and conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants","volume":"5","author":"L. Chandra De","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advances in Plants and Agricultural Research"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.21010\/ajtcam.v14i5.10","article-title":"Diversity of medicinal plants and anthropogenic threats in the Samburu central sub-county of Kenya","volume":"14","author":"D. J. Gafna","year":"2017","journal-title":"African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine"},{"key":"47","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Utilization and Conservation of Medicinal Plants in China with Special Reference to Atractylodes Lancea","author":"S. A. He","year":"1998"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2004.08.050"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-014-9488-5"},{"key":"51","article-title":"Erythrina abyssinica","author":"S. A. Tree","year":"2020"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01435698.1987.9752830"},{"key":"53","article-title":"Erythrina abyssinica Lam. ex DC.","volume-title":"Prota 7(1): Timbers\/Bois D\u2019oeuvre 1. [CDRom]. PROTA","author":"R. Aerts","year":"2008"},{"key":"54","volume-title":"Field Guide to Common Trees & Shrubs of East Africa","author":"N. Dharani","year":"2019","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"55","volume-title":"Medicinal Plants of East Africa","author":"N. Dharani","year":"2010"},{"key":"56","article-title":"Vegetation types and diversity in Menengai Caldera Geothermal Project Area, Kenya","author":"G. Wetang\u2019ula"},{"key":"57","volume-title":"A Field Guide to Uganda Forest Trees","author":"A. C. Hamilton","year":"1981"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-2-54"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2011.573791"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/bjpr\/2016\/23843"},{"key":"61","article-title":"Dictionnaire Rundi-Fran\u00e7ais. Annales du Mus\u00e9e royal de l\u2019Afrique centrale, Tervuren (Belgique), S\u00e9rie in \u22128\u00b0, Sc. humaines, 69, [Rundi-French dictionary, Royal Museum for Central Africa edition, Series: royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium. Annals. Series in- 8. Humanities, No. 69]","author":"F. M. Rodegem","year":"1970"},{"key":"62","article-title":"Evaluation of stem bark of erythrina abyssinica for antimicrobial and termiticidal principles","author":"G. Mosisa","year":"2017"},{"key":"63","first-page":"125","article-title":"Traditional herbal remedies used for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe","volume-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","author":"J. Ndamba"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2028.2010.01246.x"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00713847"},{"issue":"12","key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.5897\/AJPS2018.1717","article-title":"Nitrogen release dynamics of Erythrina abyssinica and Erythrina brucei litters as influenced by their biochemical composition","volume":"12","author":"A. Abay","year":"2018","journal-title":"\u2019 African Journal of Plant Science"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18174\/428433","article-title":"Trees and plants for bees and beekeepers in the Upper Mara Basin","volume-title":"Guide to Useful Melliferous Trees and Crops for Beekeepers","author":"V. Ingram","year":"2017"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2028.2004.00472.x"},{"key":"69","first-page":"377","article-title":"Antidiabetic potential of Erythrina abyssinica via protein tyrosine phosphate 1B inhibitory activity","volume-title":"Emerging Trends in Chemical Sciences","author":"D. T. Ndinteh","year":"2016"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00705245"},{"key":"71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00213647"},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112742","article-title":"Ethnobotanical study of selected medicinal plants traditionally used in the rural Greater Mpigi region of Uganda","volume":"256","author":"F. Schultz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.11.013"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.04.044"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.08.050"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajtcam.v4i1.31193"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20286\/nova-jmbs-030234"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/ejmp\/2014\/5766"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9010044"},{"key":"80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17348\/era.12.0.627-641"},{"key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajtcam.v7i1.57223"},{"key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np960440x"},{"issue":"2","key":"83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-815484","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activities of two flavanones, sigmoidin A and sigmoidin B, from Erythrina sigmoidea","volume":"70","author":"D. Njamen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Planta Medica"},{"key":"84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/amr.20180315095706"},{"key":"85","first-page":"93","article-title":"A survey of ethnobotany of the AbaWanga people in Kakamega county, Western province of Kenya","volume":"15","author":"N. Shiracko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Tradititional Knowledge"},{"key":"86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-10-24"},{"issue":"6","key":"87","first-page":"44","article-title":"Medicinal plants use in and around Kalinzu central forest reserve, Western Uganda","volume":"5","author":"D. Musinguzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies"},{"key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.05.003"},{"key":"89","first-page":"56","article-title":"Bio-prospective studies on medicinal plants used in the treatment of poultry diseases in Uganda","volume":"1","author":"D. Olila","year":"2007","journal-title":"Research Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.05.011"},{"issue":"7","key":"91","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of five medicinal plant extracts used by the Maasai people of Kenya","volume":"2","author":"D. K. Kariuki","year":"2014","journal-title":"\u2019 BEST: International Journal of Humanities, Arts, Medicine and Sciences"},{"key":"92","first-page":"103","article-title":"Ethnobotanical study of selected medicinal plants used against bacterial infections in Nandi county, Kenya","volume":"7","author":"K. N. Kimathi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies"},{"key":"93","first-page":"27","article-title":"Conservation status and use of medicinal plants by traditional medical practitioners in Machakos District, Kenya","author":"W. Musila"},{"key":"94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00544","article-title":"Wound healing properties of selected plants used in ethnoveterinary medicine","volume":"8","author":"A. Marume","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"95","volume-title":"The Traditional Medical Practitioner in Zimbabwe: His Principles of Practice and Pharmacopoeia (Zambeziana)","author":"M. Gelfand","year":"1985"},{"key":"96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.020"},{"key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1876391x01103010001"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-3-29"},{"key":"99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.09.035"},{"key":"100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2866"},{"key":"101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.09.017"},{"key":"102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.04.004"},{"key":"103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15406\/mojbb.2018.05.00085"},{"key":"104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.06.011"},{"key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.02.005"},{"key":"106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajtcam.v13i3.19"},{"key":"107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.07.006"},{"key":"108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1505\/ifor.7.1.44.64157"},{"issue":"27","key":"109","first-page":"6352","article-title":"Medicinal resources of the miombo woodlands of urumwa, Tanzania: plants and its uses","volume":"5","author":"S. Augustino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research"},{"key":"110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.11.032"},{"key":"111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-8741(03)00097-7"},{"key":"112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(95)01226-4"},{"key":"113","first-page":"155","article-title":"Hypoglycemic activity of some Kenyan plants traditionally used to manage diabetes mellitus in eastern province","volume":"2","author":"N. M. Piero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism"},{"key":"114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5814"},{"key":"115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.06.011"},{"key":"116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2028.2007.00740.x"},{"key":"117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(84)90037-0"},{"key":"118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00128325.1966.11662117"},{"key":"119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-8-39"},{"issue":"2","key":"120","first-page":"94","article-title":"The in-vitro ascaricidal activity of selected indigenous medicinal plants used in ethno veterinary practices in Uganda","volume":"3","author":"P. Wasswa","year":"2006","journal-title":"African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine"},{"key":"121","first-page":"6","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of snakebites in Central Uganda","volume":"1","author":"R. Ntume","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Life Science"},{"key":"122","volume-title":"Medicinal Plants of Baringo, Kenya","author":"Rufford","year":"2021"},{"key":"123","first-page":"597","article-title":"In vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of Erythrina abyssinica and capsicum annum in poultry diseases control in the South western agro-ecological zone of Uganda. A bird\u2019s-eye view","author":"C. Lagu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Veterinnary Medicine"},{"key":"124","volume-title":"\u2018\u2018The in Vitro Antihelminthic Efficacy of Erythrina Abyssinica Extracts on Ascaridia Galli","author":"C. Lagu","year":"2013"},{"key":"125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2017.01.001"},{"key":"126","first-page":"587","article-title":"The efficacy of the crude root bark extracts of Erythrina abyssinica on rifampicin resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"11","author":"L. Bunalema","year":"2011","journal-title":"African Health Sciences"},{"key":"127","first-page":"229","article-title":"Brine shrimp lethality bioassay of some selected Zimbabwean traditional medicinal plants","volume":"7","author":"T. Munodawafa","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Phytopharmacy"},{"key":"128","first-page":"1","article-title":"In vivo antianaemic effect and safety of aqueous extracts of Erythrina abyssinica and zanthoxylum usambarensis in mice models","volume":"4","author":"M. T. Musyoka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Hematology and Thromboembolic Diseases"},{"key":"129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20959\/wjpr20178-8958"},{"key":"130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants6040042"},{"key":"131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np50074a001"},{"key":"132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01864a013"},{"key":"133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/bcse.v23i2.44963"},{"key":"134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578x0600100404"},{"key":"135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1240682"},{"issue":"2","key":"136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.3987\/S-1981-02-1163","article-title":"Antimicrobial agents from an East African medicinal plant Erythrina abyssinica","volume":"15","author":"V. S. Kamat","year":"1981","journal-title":"Heterocycles"},{"key":"137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0031-9422(99)00615-9"},{"key":"138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2008.10.012"},{"key":"139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np9703048"},{"key":"140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np060477+"},{"key":"141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np50099a012"},{"key":"142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2011.04.037"},{"issue":"13","key":"143","first-page":"55","article-title":"Synergism of artemisinin with abyssinone-V from Erythrina abyssinica (Lam. ex) against Plasmodium falciparum parasites: a potential anti-malarial combination therapy","volume":"5","author":"J. S. Kebenei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research"},{"key":"144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np900745g"},{"key":"145","article-title":"Phytochemical investigations of Lonchocarpus eriocalyx (Harms), Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schumach) and Erythrina abyssinica (DC) for antiplasmodial, larvicidal, mosquitocidal and antimicrobial activities","author":"A. A. Ochung","year":"2016"},{"key":"146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2012.688838"},{"key":"147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2015.05.013"},{"key":"148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/phbi.34.5.370.13248"},{"key":"149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2011.560.571"},{"key":"150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2013.06.006"},{"key":"151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2016.07.009"},{"key":"152","first-page":"483","volume-title":"The Erythrina Alkaloids","author":"K. D. Hill","year":"1957"},{"key":"153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00020"},{"key":"154","volume-title":"Studies in Natural Product Chemistry","author":"C. Stevenson","year":"2006","edition":"1st"},{"key":"155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acr.2019.01.005"},{"key":"156","article-title":"Flavanones proanthocyanidin: chemistry and biology: from phenolic compounds to proanthocyanidins extraction techniques and applications: food and beverage","volume-title":"Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering","author":"A. Zuiter","year":"2014"},{"key":"157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2009.09.012"},{"key":"158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-405927-6.00002-3"},{"key":"159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22159\/ajpcr.2018.v11i9.27256"},{"key":"160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.09.108"},{"issue":"6","key":"161","first-page":"598","article-title":"\u2018\u2018Effects of the methanol extract of Erythrina abyssinica on hot flashes in ovariectomized rats","volume":"12","author":"B. N. Nkeh-chungag","year":"2013","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/577007"},{"key":"163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.04.011"},{"key":"164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/ejmp\/2019\/v27i430119"},{"key":"165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v9i4.58935"},{"issue":"3","key":"166","first-page":"2708","article-title":"In vitro anti-tuberculous study on the combination of extracts of stem-bark of Erythrina abyssinica Lam. ex DC and conventional drugs","volume":"8","author":"J. Aber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"5","key":"167","first-page":"247","article-title":"Antimicrobial activities of Clutia abyssinic and Erythrina abyssinica plants extracts used among the Kipsigis community of Bomet district in Kenya","volume":"7","author":"K. Korir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Natural Products"},{"key":"168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-8741(00)00366-4"},{"key":"169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-2999(03)01664-9"},{"key":"170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np960533e"},{"issue":"2","key":"171","first-page":"80","article-title":"Blume Free-radical scavenging activity and phytochemical analysis in the leaf and stem of Drymaria diandra Blume","volume":"7","author":"P. Mandal","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Integrative Biology"},{"key":"172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2013.06.020"},{"key":"173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/627375"},{"key":"174","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial compounds from the plants, Erythrina abyssinica DC. and Chasmanthera Dependens Hochst.","author":"S. Irungu","year":"2012"},{"key":"175","first-page":"413p","article-title":"Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of erythrina abyssinica leaf extract","volume":"11","author":"W. Chitopoa","year":"2019","journal-title":"ournal of Microbology and Biochemical Technology"},{"key":"176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67572-8"},{"key":"177","volume-title":"Efficacy of Medicinal Plants Used by Communities Around Lake Victoria Region and the Samburu against Mycobacteria, Selecfed Bacteria and Candida Albicans","author":"M. Mariita","year":"2011"},{"key":"178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22091558"},{"key":"179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1382861"},{"key":"180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2018.1564300"},{"key":"181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.01.003"},{"issue":"3","key":"182","first-page":"808","article-title":"Anxiolytic-like effects of erythrinian alkaloids from erythrina suberosa","volume":"34","author":"M. A. R. Serrano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Quim Nova"},{"key":"183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00544"},{"key":"184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264070943-en"},{"key":"185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17348\/era.10.0.045-057"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2021\/5513484.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2021\/5513484.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2021\/5513484.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T19:50:58Z","timestamp":1614887458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2021\/5513484\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Riaz","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"references-count":185,"alternative-id":["5513484","5513484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5513484","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-4288","1741-427X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]}}}