{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:01:04Z","timestamp":1753887664483,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":73,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61561016","61861008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61561016","61861008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019JJ50210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JJ50210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014472","name":"Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19B234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19B234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014472","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper chooses car travel and bus travel as the research objects, establishes a dual\u2010mode equilibrium model based on the bottleneck model, and compares the travel characteristics of the no\u2010toll and fine\u2010toll schemes. We find that the fine\u2010toll scheme can eliminate the queuing time at the bottleneck, but it also increases the congestion risk cost of bus travel. In order to eliminate the queuing time at the bottleneck and reduce the congestion risk cost of bus travel without increasing the car travel cost and bus travel cost, we propose an optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity and analyze its travel characteristics theoretically. Through the numerical example, we calculate and analyze the equilibrium results of no\u2010toll scheme, fine\u2010toll scheme, and optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity. The results indicate that the optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity can help travelers to choose a reasonable travel mode and travel time to travel in the rush hour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5518502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T23:51:56Z","timestamp":1615852316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization Scheme of Fine Toll and Bus Departure Quantity for Bottleneck Congestion Management"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3208-7118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhui","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanfa","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4227-2499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiyan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","first-page":"251","article-title":"Congestion theory and transport investment","volume":"59","author":"Vickery W.","year":"1969","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1570-6672(13)60140-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","first-page":"52","article-title":"Bottleneck model for bi-arrival time: principle of staggered work hours","volume":"18","author":"Chen D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Management Sciences in China"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2018.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6184827"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2019.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2020.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecotra.2019.100119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2019.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"380","article-title":"Testing the slope model of scheduling preferences on stated preference data","volume":"128","author":"Abegaz D.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2017.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11116-012-9442-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15568318.2014.885620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jue.2017.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2017.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2012.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3846\/16484142.2015.1062048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jue.2012.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0965-8564(94)90017-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2019.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2017.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2017.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tradable permit schemes for managing morning commute with carpool under parking space constraint","volume":"1","author":"Xiao L. 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