{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:35:10Z","timestamp":1792697710122,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619049600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004530","name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Momordica charantia (MC) is popular for its medicinal uses especially for treating diabetic-related complications. However, the antiulcer activity of essential oil derived from the seeds has not been systematically studied. This study aims to evaluate the gastroprotective activities of essential oil derived from the seed of MC induced by hydrochloride acid\/ethanol (HCl\/EtOH) and indomethacin and pylorus-ligation model. Gastric ulceration was induced by oral administration of HCl\/EtOH solution or indomethacin on day 7 after animals have been pretreated with testing compounds. The first group received just distilled water and the second group received ranitidine (100\u2009mg\/kg). Groups 3, 4, and 5 received 10, 50, and 100\u2009mg\/kg of essential oil based on their body weight (10\u2009mL\/kg), respectively. Macroscopically, pretreatment of essential oil extracted from MC significantly decreased ulceration induced by HCl\/EtOH and indomethacin in vivo. Microscopically, essential oil also significantly suppressed the formation of edema, epithelial disruption, and mucosa erosions. Moreover, essential oil significantly elevated the pH without decreasing the total acidity of the gastric juice and was able to increase the amount of adherent mucus compared to control. Current results provide scientific basis to the ethno-pharmacological usage of the MC in preventing ulcer formation induced by HCl\/EtOH and indomethacin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5525584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T20:51:09Z","timestamp":1619124669000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Essential Oils Derived from Momordica charantia Seeds Exhibited Antiulcer Activity against Hydrogen Chloride\/Ethanol and Indomethacin"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Nurul 'Ain","family":"Abu Bakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Nazrul","family":"Hakim Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vuanghao","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9442-7456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoke Keong","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.09.046"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4535194"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23112848"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i3.347"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8020179"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/262638"},{"key":"7","first-page":"100","article-title":"Antiulcer drugs from indigenous sources with emphasis on Musa sapientum, Tamrabhasna, Asparagus racemosus and Zingiber officinale","volume":"34","author":"R. 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