{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:21:28Z","timestamp":1787170888056,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":164,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["97-01-70-18593"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["97-01-70-18593"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Alzheimer\u2019s disease is a progressive, age\u2010related, and neurodegenerative disease characterized by mental decline. The exact cause of Alzheimer\u2019s disease is unclear, but cholinergic dysfunction, protein accumulation, and oxidative stress are among the most important hypotheses. The main purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract combination of these two medicinal plants, black pepper and cumin (as a related formulation in traditional Persian medicine), on memory and learning of an immobilized stress animal model.\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In this study, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of cumin and black pepper fruits were prepared. Six groups of mice were treated orally for 2 weeks: control group, immobility stress, and stress\u2010induced immobility mice received different doses of the hydroalcoholic extract (100 and 200\u2009mg\/kg) and aqueous extract (100 and 200\u2009mg\/kg). The shuttle box, novel object detection, and rotarod test were used to evaluate memory and learning. The activities of acetylcholinesterase, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the brain tissue.\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Immobility stress significantly reduced learning and motor coordination. Furthermore, MDA levels and acetylcholinesterase activity were significantly increased, while CAT and SOD activities were significantly reduced in the brain of immobility\u2010induced stress mice. Other findings indicated that hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts (100 and 200\u2009mg\/kg) of cumin and black pepper fruits have an improving effect on animal motor coordination and learning ability, GSH content, and CAT, SOD, and acetylcholinesterase enzyme function in comparison with stress groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05).\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of cumin and black pepper fruits have protective effects against stress\u2010induced memory deficit and oxidative stress and may have beneficial therapeutic effect in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5577594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T14:05:07Z","timestamp":1623679507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effect of a Traditional Preparation Containing\n                    <i>Piper nigrum<\/i>\n                    L. and\n                    <i>Bunium persicum<\/i>\n                    (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. on Immobility Stress\u2010Induced Memory Loss in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8395-2944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzieh","family":"Rashedinia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Mojarad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5950-4930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Forouzan","family":"Khodaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Sahragard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2907-2596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Khoshnoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8185-4993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad M.","family":"Zarshenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70169-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM2003ra020003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","article-title":"Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Wang W.-Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of translational medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wad.0000213866.86934.7e"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.741"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2013.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2221-1691.276317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22564"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009616228304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3831\/KPI.2018.21.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"Different cytotoxic effects of caper from different geographical regions may be related to changes in mitochondrial Sirt 3","volume":"5","author":"Khodaei F.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22034\/APJCP.2018.19.1.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22038\/ijbms.2019.30138.7266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-018-9967-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317517717013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","first-page":"215","article-title":"An overview on multi-ingredient memory enhancers and anti-Alzheimer\u2019s formulations from traditional Persian pharmacy","volume":"3","author":"Dabaghian F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","volume-title":"The Persian translation of Qanoun Fi Al-Tibb (or the Canon of Medicine), vol. 3","author":"Sharafkandi A.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1508\/cytologia.61.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570163817666200712164712"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2156-8-42"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.205108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00206"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of some common plants","volume":"32","author":"Khalaf N. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22038\/ijbms.2018.31230.7523"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2018.1543330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116954"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32598\/IJT.10.4.677.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Screening and identification of SUMP-proteins in sub-acute treatment with diazinon","volume":"18","author":"Yazdian-Robati R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iranian journal of basic medical sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570163817666200211101228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","article-title":"Effect of sodium benzoate on liver and kidney lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in mice","volume":"8","author":"Khodaei F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02652048.2018.1477845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","article-title":"Stress induction and visual working memory performance: the effects of emotional and non-emotional stimuli","volume":"4","author":"Khayyer Z.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2019.1565489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117671"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2009.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2015.2356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00309-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.13.8940299"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32598\/ijt.14.3.649.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38652.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-642760-8.50005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(99)00026-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Chemical composition and biological activity of the fruits from Lonicera caerulea var. edulis \u2018Wojtek\u2019","volume":"1","author":"Kula M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Academia Journal of Medicinal Plants"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_2","first-page":"46","article-title":"The pharmacological activities of Cuminum cyminum-a review","volume":"6","author":"Al-Snafi A. E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)70016-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2010.541923"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/5577594.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/5577594.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/5577594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T02:32:32Z","timestamp":1735612352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/5577594"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jane","family":"Hanrahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/5577594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5577594","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5577594"}}