{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:57:21Z","timestamp":1753887441935,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":362,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004681","name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With the substantial growth in number of wireless devices, future communication demands overarching research to design high\u2010throughput and efficient systems. We propose an intelligent Convergent Source Mapping (CSM) approach incorporating Differential Space\u2010Time Spreading (DSTS) technique with Sphere Packing (SP) modulation. The crux of CSM process is assured convergence by attaining an infinitesimal Bit\u2010Error Rate (BER). Data Partitioning (DP) H.264 video codec is deployed to gauge the performance of our intelligent and efficient system. For the purpose of efficient and higher data rates, we have incorporated compression efficient source encoding along with error resiliency and transmission robustness features. The proposed system follows the concept of iterations between the Soft\u2010Bit Source\u2010Decoder (SBSD) and Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) decoder. Simulations of the DSTS\u2010SP\u2010assisted CSM system are presented for the correlated narrowband Rayleigh channel, using different CSM rates but constant overall bit\u2010rate budget. The SP\u2010assisted DSTS systems are mainly useful in decoding algorithms that operate without requiring Channel State Information (CSI). The effects of incorporating redundancy via different CSM schemes on the attainable performance and convergence of the proposed system are investigated using EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) charts. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated through IT++ based proof\u2010of\u2010concept simulations. The Peak Signal\u2010to\u2010Noise Ratio (PSNR) analysis shows that using Rate\u20102\/6 CSM with minimum Hamming distance (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>,min<\/jats:sub>) of 4 offers about 5\u2009dB gain, compared to an identical overall system code rate but with Rate\u20102\/3 CSM and <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>,min<\/jats:sub> of 2. Furthermore, for a consistent value of <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>,min<\/jats:sub> and overall rate, the Rate\u20102\/3 CSM scheme beats the Rate\u20105\/6 CSM by about 2\u2009dB at the PSNR degradation point of 2\u2009dB. Moreover, the proposed system with Rate\u20102\/3 CSM scheme furnishes an <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> gain of 20\u2009dB when compared with the uniform\u2010rate benchmarker. Clearly, we can say that higher <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>,min<\/jats:sub> and lower CSM values are favourable for our proposed setup.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5776480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T22:50:23Z","timestamp":1640818223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Performance Analysis of Iteratively Decoded Convergent Source Mapping with Sphere Packing\u2010Assisted Differential Space\u2010Time Spreading Technique for Efficient Video Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2242-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ishtiaque","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6616-9093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasru","family":"Minallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6065-3087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaroslav","family":"Frnda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7459-2043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Nedoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2020.2993704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470744710"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tii.2019.2891738"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-019-00630-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470519929"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2009.2020578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/89.905998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/asp.2005.928"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcsvt.2006.877391"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcsvt.2003.815167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2008.060891"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2020.3010270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.730453"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.771146"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.909608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SuW. SafarZ. andLiuK. J. R. Space-time signal design for time-correlated Rayleigh fading channels 5 In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications 2003. ICC\u203203 May 2003 Anchorage AK USA IEEE 3175\u20133179 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icc.2003.1204012.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2003.1204012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2008.060708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.857917"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.945280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2008.924977"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-HajjarM. MaunderR. G. AlamriO. NgS. X. andHanzoL. Iteratively detected irregular variable length coding and sphere-packing modulation-aided differential space-time spreading Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE 66th Vehicular Technology Conference Octobar 2007 Baltimore MD USA IEEE 1238\u20131242 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/vetecf.2007.266 2-s2.0-47649119786.","DOI":"10.1109\/VETECF.2007.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e23020235"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2009.2034236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8836808"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e23050562"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21196502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22967\/HCIS.2021.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.485714"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jstsp.2014.2317671"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmtt.2014.2342661"},{"volume-title":"A new kind of science","year":"2002","author":"Wolfram S.","key":"e_1_2_10_32_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1950.tb00463.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3004448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","first-page":"389","article-title":"Designing iterative decoding schemes with the extrinsic information transfer chart","volume":"54","author":"Stephan T. B.","year":"2000","journal-title":"AEU International Journal Electronic Communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BhattacharjeeS. DamrathM. andHoeherP. A. EXIT chart analysis of higher order modulation schemes in molecular communications Proceedings of the 6th Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication September 2019 New York USA 1\u20136 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3345312.3345464 2-s2.0-85073775477.","DOI":"10.1145\/3345312.3345464"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3006024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2011.2148150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2007.348329"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LiJ. BoseA. andYiqiangQ. Rayleigh flat fading channels\u2019 capacity Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (CNSR\u203205) May 2005 Halifax NS Canada IEEE 214\u2013217 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CNSR.2005.52 2-s2.0-33746579754.","DOI":"10.1109\/CNSR.2005.52"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","first-page":"623","article-title":"Bit error rate performance of bpsk modulation and ofdm-bpsk with Rayleigh multipath channel","volume":"2","author":"Divya M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsp.2006.879330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ChengF. LiuA. ZhangQ. ZhangY. andCaiB. Codes design based on EXIT chart for polar coded BICM-ID Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 2nd Advanced Information Technology Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC) March 2017 Chongqing China IEEE 1129\u20131133 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iaeac.2017.8054189 2-s2.0-85034581529.","DOI":"10.1109\/IAEAC.2017.8054189"}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/5776480.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/5776480.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/5776480","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T22:38:21Z","timestamp":1723243101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/5776480"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Lucia Valentina","family":"Gambuzza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/5776480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5776480","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1076-2787"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-0526"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5776480"}}