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The extract of freshwater clams has been used to protect the body against liver diseases in traditional folk medicine. This study aims at investigating the effects of freshwater clam extract on activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs), which are critical contributors to liver fibrosis. Methods. The aHSCs used in this study were derived from hepatic stellate cells that were isolated and purified from the livers of male Wistar rats and then transformed into the activated phenotype by culturing on uncoated plastic dishes. Freshwater clam extract (CE) was collected after the outflow from the live freshwater clams in a water bath at 100\u00b0C for 60\u2009min. The effects of CE on aHSCs were analyzed by MTT assay, flow cytometry, Oil Red O (ORO) staining, western blot, and real-time RT-PCR. Results. The results indicated that CE suppressed the proliferation of aHSCs through G0\/G1 cell cycle arrest by downregulating cyclin D1 and upregulating p27. The expression levels of a-SMA, collagen I, TGF-\u03b2, and TNF-\u03b1 were inhibited in the CE-treated aHSCs. In addition, the CE treatment increased the lipid contents in aHSCs by promoting PPAR\u03b3 expression. Furthermore, CE modulated the expression of ECM-related genes, i.e., by upregulating MMP-9 and downregulating TIMP-II. Conclusions. These data revealed that CE could induce the deactivation of aHSCs. We therefore suggest that CE has potential as an adjuvant therapeutic agent against hepatic fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6065168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]],"date-time":"2021-11-12T19:05:34Z","timestamp":1636743934000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Effects of Freshwater Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Extract on Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Shou-Lun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsiang","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Ming","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Han","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8694-9561","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cheng-Yao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6965-2301","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hsien-Kuang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Bing Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5492-1794","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ting-Yu","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Nano Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i23.7312"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.03.003"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-17558"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.1999.01928.x"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.4.2247"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02890417"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2490"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X10008329"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c8fo01758a"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18043825"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X08006466"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2006.02.001"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2fo30178d"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13146"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2006.05.023"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800411408881"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2051202"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2008.00859.x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf803308h"},{"issue":"4","key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114510004058","article-title":"The fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract reduce serum cholesterol and enhance bile acid biosynthesis and sterol excretion in hypercholesterolaemic rats fed a high-cholesterol diet","volume":"105","author":"T. 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