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Most of the traditional physical collision resolutions focus on the code with a single subcarrier. This paper pays more attention to Miller code with multiple subcarriers and proposes a novel physical\u2010layer separation method based on the Miller code. In this method, the separated collision signals are multiplied by clock signals with the same frequency as the subcarrier to complete the frequency shift. And then, a coherent demodulation and a low\u2010pass filter are used to remove high\u2010frequency separation noise. In the simulation, the Miller code with more subcarriers has lower BER than FM0 code with a single carrier. Especially when Miller 8 is selected, the separation efficiency and BER performance of the proposed method are 4\u2009dB higher than those of the traditional XOR method at lower SNR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6636846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T01:03:08Z","timestamp":1619658188000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Physical\u2010Layer UHF RFID Tag Collision Resolution Based on Miller Code"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0827-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongwei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470868023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2018.2803720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","unstructured":"EPC Global EPC Radio Frequency Identity Protocols Class-1 Generation-2 UHF RFID Protocol for Communications at 860 MHz-960 MHz 2013 EPCglobal INC."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jphot.2019.2913456"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420077780"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","unstructured":"International Standard ISO\/IEC 18000-6C Information Technology Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) for Item Management Part 6: Parameters for Air Interface Communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16040442"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2019.1911720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2012.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2013.082413.130765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2010.2042957"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LiY. 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