{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T22:31:37Z","timestamp":1776465097563,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":134,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The redox\u2010sensitive signaling system Keap1\/Nrf2\/ARE is a premier protective mechanism against oxidative stress that plays a key role in the pathogenesis and development of various diseases, including tuberculous granulomatous inflammation. We have previously reported that novel water\u2010soluble phenolic antioxidant TS\u201013 (sodium 3\u2010(4\u2009<jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\u2010methoxyphenyl)propyl thiosulfonate) induces Keap1\/Nrf2\/ARE and attenuates inflammation. The aim of this study is the examination of the effect of TS\u201013 on tuberculous granulomatous inflammation. BALB\/c mice were administered TS\u201013 (100\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> day<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>) through their drinking water starting immediately after Bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) intravenous injection. Histological changes, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (activity of free\u2010radical oxidation processes), and mRNA expression of Nrf2\u2010driven, NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B\u2010, AP\u20101\u2010, and autophagy\u2010dependent signal pathway genes in the liver and peritoneal exudate were evaluated 30 days later. After the 30th day of infection, the activity of the Keap1\/Nrf2\/ARE system was decreased and its effector genes entailed increasing ROS production in the liver. Therapeutic intervention with TS\u201013 is aimed at activating the Keap1\/Nrf2\/ARE system that leads to an increase in Nrf2 and Nrf2\u2010mediated gene expression and a decrease in NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B expression. Changes in these pathways resulted in a decline of ROS production and a decrease in the number and the size of granulomas. In total, the results indicate that the Keap1\/Nrf2\/ARE system can be an effective pharmacological target in host\u2010adjunctive treatment of tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6652775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T19:20:05Z","timestamp":1621106405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Oral Delivery of Water\u2010Soluble Phenol TS\u201013 Ameliorates Granuloma Formation in an In Vivo Model of Tuberculous Granulomatous Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2367-0114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena B.","family":"Menshchikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9989-9778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter 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