{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:17:54Z","timestamp":1790824674207,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":97,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["xjj2018264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xjj2018264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent studies have suggested that exosomes exert similar therapeutic effects to those of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine and MSCs\u2010derived exosomes exhibit therapeutic effects on steroid\u2010induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Furthermore, reparative functions of exosomes from MSCs are enhanced by hypoxia treatment of the cells. However, there are no related reports about whether exosomes derived from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned MSCs could show better therapeutic effects on steroid\u2010induced ONFH. In vitro, we investigated the effects of hypoxia precondition on exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) from rats and the proangiogenic ability of exosomes derived from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned BMMSCs. In vivo, we investigated the role of exosomes from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned BMMSCs on angiogenesis and protecting osteonecrosis in a rat ONFH model. We found that the potential of the proangiogenic ability of exosomes derived from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned BMMSCs was higher than exosomes derived from BMMSCs cultured under normoxia. Exosomes derived from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned BMMSCs significantly promoted proliferation, migration, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared with exosomes derived from BMMSCs cultured under normoxia. Administration of exosomes derived from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned BMMSCs significantly prevented bone loss and increased vessel volume in the femoral head compared with exosomes derived from BMMSCs cultured under normoxia. Taken together, our data suggest that exosomes derived from hypoxia\u2010preconditioned BMMSCs exert better therapeutic effects on steroid\u2010induced ONFH by promoting angiogenesis and preventing bone loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6655225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T23:44:03Z","timestamp":1617925443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Exosomes Secreted from Hypoxia\u2010Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Steroid\u2010Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head by Promoting Angiogenesis in 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