{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T18:24:06Z","timestamp":1776882246436,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19CX04010B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19CX04010B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With the implementation of national carbon emission reduction policies and the development of online shopping, manufacturers are making low\u2010carbon efforts and selling products through dual channels. This paper constructs a dual\u2010channel supply chain decision\u2010making model composed of low\u2010carbon emission reduction manufacturers and retailers and studies the optimal decision\u2010making problem of the supply chain under subsidies by the government based on emission reduction R&amp;D and per unit product emission reduction. The research results show the following: (1) when the government subsidizes emission reduction R&amp;D, the emission reduction will have an impact on retailers\u2019 optimal prices, manufacturers\u2019 optimal wholesale prices, and optimal direct sales channel sales prices. The profit of the manufacturer increases with the increase in carbon emissions, and the profit of the manufacturer increases to a certain level and then appears to decline. (2) When the government adopts a subsidy method based on the emission reduction per unit product, the manufacturer\u2019s wholesale price and the selling price of direct sales channels, as well as the retailer\u2019s own optimal price, will increase with the increase in emission reductions. Retailers\u2019 profits will increase linearly with the increase in carbon emissions. Manufacturers\u2019 profits will first increase in a straight line and then increase in a curve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6668243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T23:23:05Z","timestamp":1610493785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The Impact of Different Government Subsidy Methods on Low\u2010Carbon Emission Reduction Strategies in Dual\u2010Channel Supply Chain"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Che","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6541-1781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9029-9741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhihong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2018.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","first-page":"898","article-title":"Cooperative strategy for carbon emission reduction technology innovation in a dual-channel supply chain under the carbon tax policy","volume":"54","author":"Cao X. 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