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However, little information on the anti\u2010inflammatory ingredients and their activities is available. In this study, an effect fraction of <jats:italic>Bletilla striata<\/jats:italic> (EFBS) was enriched, and its anti\u2010inflammatory activities and underlying mechanisms were investigated. EFBS was enriched by polyamide column chromatography and characterized by HPLC; an LPS\u2010induced acute lung injury model was used to evaluate the anti\u2010inflammatory activities of EFBS. Meanwhile, the main anti\u2010inflammation\u2010contributing ingredients and possible molecular mechanism of anti\u2010inflammatory activity in EFBS were verified by component\u2010knockout method combined with LPS\u2010induced RAW264.7 cell model. The EFBS mainly consisted of coelonin (15.88%), batatasin III (32.49%), 3\u2009<jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\u2010<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\u2010methylbatatasin III (6.96%), and 3\u2010hydroxy\u20105\u2010methoxy bibenzyl (2.51%). Pretreatment with the EFBS (20\u2009mg\/kg and 60\u2009mg\/kg) for five days prior to the administration of LPS resulted in decreases in wet\u2010to\u2010dry lung weight ratio, neutrophil number, MPO activity, total protein concentration, NO level, and MDA level, as well as IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20106, MCP\u20101, and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Western blot analysis demonstrated the increased expressions of iNOS, COX\u20102, and NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B p65 in the LPS treatment group, all of which were ameliorated by EFBS pretreatment. Histological examination confirmed the protective effect of the EFBS. Additionally, component\u2010knockout assay confirmed that these four quantitative components contributed significantly to the anti\u2010inflammatory effect of EFBS. Coelonin, batatasin III, 3\u2009<jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\u2010<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\u2010methylbatatasin III and 3\u2010hydroxy\u20105\u2010methoxy bibenzyl were the main anti\u2010inflammatory components of EFBS and could regulate the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation. These findings uncover, in part, the molecular basis underlying the anti\u2010inflammatory activity of <jats:italic>Bletilla striata<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6684120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]],"date-time":"2021-03-13T14:35:22Z","timestamp":1615646122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Anti\u2010Inflammatory Effect Fraction of <i>Bletilla striata<\/i> and Its Protective Effect on LPS\u2010Induced Acute Lung Injury"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Chunchun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jieli","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengxian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhishan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5671-4318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fusheng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1251-9550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiya","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","volume-title":"by Chinese Herbalism Editorial Board. 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