{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T01:48:00Z","timestamp":1783648080191,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Phytoestrogens are used to ease postmenopausal symptoms, a property probably due to estrogenic and antioxidant effects. Pterocarpus soyauxii (P. soyauxii) is empirically used in Cameroon to treat among others primary and secondary amenorrhea. The aim of this study is to evaluate estrogenic and antioxidant activities of P. soyauxii heartwood aqueous extract in bilateral oophorectomized Wistar rats. Firstly, a characterization of the extract was carried out. For that, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins levels in P. soyauxii extract were evaluated by colorimetric assays and UHPLC-MS analysis was realized. In vitro antioxidant analysis of P. soyauxii was conducted using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Secondly, 2 sets of pharmacologic tests were carried out. The results revealed that P. soyauxii aqueous extract contains, respectively, 229.42\u2009\u00b1\u20093.62\u2009mg EAG\/g, 63.42\u2009\u00b1\u20092.16\u2009mg EQ\/g, and 27.88\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23\u2009mg ETA\/g of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. UHPLC-MS enabled identifying seven components including mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, cembrene, 3\u2032,5\u2032-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol, and linoleic acid. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays revealed that P. soyauxii extract possessed a high antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 730.20\u2009\u00b5g\/mL, 892.90\u2009\u00b5g\/mL, and 765.75 mEAG\/g of extract, respectively. In the uterotrophic assay, P. soyauxii extract induced significant increase of fresh uterine weight, uterine and vaginal epithelial size, and mammary glands differentiation compared to Ovx control. In the postmenopausal model, compared to the sham control, vagina and uterine dystrophies were observed in Ovx rats treated with distilled water. P. soyauxii aqueous extract expressed estrogenic-like effects on vagina and did not affect uterine epithelial height compared with vehicle groups. On the back of these vaginotrophic effects, the extract displayed antiatherogenic properties by reducing (<jats:inline-formula><a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><a:mi>p<\/a:mi><\/a:math><\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) AI and LDL cholesterol level as compared to Ovx control group. The extract at 200\u2009mg\/kg significantly prevented the increase of MDA (<jats:inline-formula><c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><c:mi>p<\/c:mi><\/c:math><\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) level and decreased nitrites (<jats:inline-formula><e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><e:mi>p<\/e:mi><\/e:math><\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and GSH (<jats:inline-formula><g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><g:mi>p<\/g:mi><\/g:math><\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) levels compared to Ovx rats. These beneficial effects are related at least in part to the presence of compound such as mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 3\u2032,5\u2032-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol, and linoleic acid. Overall, P. soyauxii aqueous extract exhibits estrogenic and antioxidant effects which can inhibit postmenopausal symptoms by providing vaginal stratification, improving lipid profile and insulin sensitivity, and reducing oxidative stress without side effects on the endometrium and mammary gland in 84-day Ovx rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6759000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T20:17:40Z","timestamp":1633033060000},"page":"1-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Estrogenic and Antioxidant Activities of Pterocarpus soyauxii (Fabaceae) Heartwood Aqueous Extract in Bilateral Oophorectomized Wistar Rat"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Yolande Sandrine","family":"Mengue Ngadena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Letters and Social Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal Emmanuel","family":"Owona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Noubom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty de Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box, 67, Dschang, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel Arnaud","family":"Mbock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lohik","family":"MbolangNguegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Chantal Ngoungour\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigue Ngapout","family":"Fifen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Bidingha A Goufani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rivaldo Bernes","family":"Kahou Tadah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, P.O. 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