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One way to enhance the performance of vehicular cognitive TCP protocol is by reducing the packet drops in between the source and destination. In general, packet drops occur in between the source and destination of Cognitive Radio Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (CR\u2010VANET) because of spectrum handoff or cognitive node handoff, or network congestion. In this paper, we focus on enhancing the performance of cognitive TCP protocol through \u201ccognitive AODV routing protocol with the spectrum handoff mechanism.\u201d In the proposed work, channel\u2010route control messages of cognitive AODV routing protocol are updated with the support of spectrum handoff which helps to provide the backup opportunistic channel during PU active and helps to reduce the end\u2010to\u2010end spectrum handoff packet drops. Simulation results reveal that the overall performance of the vehicular cognitive TCP protocol with the proposed spectrum handoff aware cognitive AODV routing protocol is enhanced as compared to the existing cognitive TCP protocol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6981719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T19:35:08Z","timestamp":1631734508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Spectrum Handoff Aware AODV Routing Protocol for Cognitive Radio Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7806-6996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdur Rashid","family":"Sangi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed S","family":"Alkatheiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Anamalamudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Alqarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Hammad","family":"Memon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnet.2012.2191418"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2009.2017391"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mwc.2012.6155872"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.09.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","article-title":"Spectrum leasing in cognitive radio networks: A survey","volume":"10","author":"Aqeel R. 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