{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:33:34Z","timestamp":1770748414887,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":361,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41801149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41801149"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71864025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71864025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016083","name":"Hebei Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C20210314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C20210314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies on the space of flows have mainly focused on a single flow element and have given less consideration to the joint effect of complex correlations among multiple flows. To fill this gap, in the context of the coordinated development of the urban agglomeration of the Yellow River Ji\u2010shaped bend (UAYB), in this study, three flows, namely population flow, logistics flow, and information flow, are selected to research the spatial patterns of the UAYB. The results show the following: (1) The information flow among cities in the UAYB is the strongest, followed by logistics flow and population flow. (2) Hohhot, Ordos, Yinchuan, and Taiyuan are the core cities and have attracted more flows to converge there; different flows have formed different central features. (3) Regarding the correlation of the three flows, information flow has a strong correlation with the other two flows. (4) From the perspective of the joint effects of the three flows considered, the hierarchy of UAYB is dominated by Hohhot and Taiyuan and sub\u2010dominated by Yinchuan and Ordos; four prominent city groups have been formed with these four cities as the center. On the basis of our results, we put forward some recommendations on the integrated development of cities at various levels within the UAYB to provide a reference for its spatial optimization strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7082162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T01:20:07Z","timestamp":1640740807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spatial Patterns of the Urban Agglomeration of the Yellow River Ji\u2010Shaped Bend Based on Space of Multiple Flows"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2139-5358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengyao","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3635-8317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6821-5065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruixi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9061-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2293524"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"169","article-title":"Network characteristics of urban population migration","volume":"27","author":"Zhao H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Northeastern University"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","volume-title":"The Rise of the Network Society","author":"Castells M.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","first-page":"935","article-title":"Beyond exchange and agglomeration: resource flows and city environments as wellsprings of urban growth","volume":"17","author":"Schoenberger E.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Geography"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4000\/cybergeo.27734"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-021-07632-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6050153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11769-020-1094-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","volume-title":"World City Network: A Global Urban Analysis","author":"Taylor P. J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0042098011407095"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00420980220080011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2020.125658"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","first-page":"510","article-title":"Network structure of \u2018space of flows\u2019 in Jilin Province based on telecommunication flows","volume":"69","author":"Dong C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Geographica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2007.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","first-page":"148","article-title":"A city network analysis based on spatial distribution of international hotel groups in China","volume":"30","author":"Wang J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Human Geography"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/psp.345"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2016.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18306\/dlkxjz.2020.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2019.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2019.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","first-page":"1195","article-title":"A conceptual model and methodological framework for examining urban people flow space based on complex network perspective","volume":"40","author":"Luo S. Z. X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geographical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Centrality and symmetry of people flow network structure of the Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration at multi-spatial scales","volume":"40","author":"Xue F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Economic Geography"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi10080543"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","first-page":"2330","article-title":"Spatial organization evolution of railway passenger transportation in the perspective of space of flow: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration","volume":"39","author":"Chen W. X.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geographical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","first-page":"2204","article-title":"Spatial structure and formation mechanism of expressway traffic flow network based on space of flows: a case study of Guangdong province","volume":"40","author":"Li Y. J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geographical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12082\/dqxxkx.2020.190539"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","first-page":"773","article-title":"The structure evolution of China\u2019s urban networks from the perspective of HSR flows","volume":"29","author":"You Y. Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Regional Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12755"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","first-page":"75","article-title":"Comparison on the characteristics of city network connections between workdays and holidays based on information flow: a case study of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River","volume":"41","author":"Liu Y. B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Economic Geography"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0042098018803258"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2020.1749277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/glob.12226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","first-page":"146","article-title":"Spatial econometric analysis on the influence of elements flow and industrial collaborative agglomeration on regional economic growth:based on manufacturing and producer services","volume":"41","author":"Tang C. A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Economic Geography"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2020.103005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2012.759650"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","first-page":"1849","article-title":"Spatial structure of the urban agglomeration based on space of flows: the study of the Pearl River Delta","volume":"38","author":"Wang S. J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geographical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1435-5597.1961.tb01769.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2018.05.012"}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/7082162.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/7082162.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/7082162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T23:11:03Z","timestamp":1723245063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/7082162"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/7082162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/7082162","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-2787","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0526","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7082162"}}